Perithecial ontogeny in the fungal genus Epichloe: an examination of the clavicipitalean centrum

The structure and development of perithecia in five collections of Epichloe from Europe and North America were studied. Perithecia in early stages of development are oblong to ovate in overall shape. Dichotomously branched paraphyses form on the bottom and sides of the inner walls of the perithecial...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:American journal of botany 1997-02, Vol.84 (2), p.170-178
Main Author: White, James F.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
ACREMONIUM COENOPHIALUM
AGROSTIS
AGROSTIS HIEMALIS
AGROSTIS STOLONIFERA
ALABAMA (EU)
ALABAMA (EUA)
ALABAMA (USA)
ANGLETERRE
ASCI
Ascomycetes
Ascomycota
ASCOSPORES
BIOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT
BIOSISTEMATICA
BIOSYSTEMATICS
BIOSYSTEMATIQUE
Botany
BRACHYPODIUM PINNATUM
Clavicipitaceae
DACTYLIS GLOMERATA
DESARROLLO BIOLOGICO
DEVELOPPEMENT BIOLOGIQUE
DIMENSION
DIMENSIONS
ENGLAND
EPICHLOE
EPICHLOE AMARILLANS
EPICHLOE BACONII
Epichloë
ESPORAS FUNGICAS
FRANCE
FRANCIA
FRUTING BODIES
FUNGAL MORPHOLOGY
FUNGAL SPORES
Fungi
GRAMINEAE
Grasses
Hyphae
Hypocreales
INGLATERRA
LOLIUM PERENNE
MICELIO
MORFOLOGIA FUNGICA
MORPHOLOGIE DE CHAMPIGNON
MYCELIUM
Mycology and Plant Pathology
Ontogeny
ORGANE REPRODUCTEUR VEGETAL
ORGANOS REPRODUCTORES VEGETALES
perithecial ontogeny
Plant growth
PLANT REPRODUCTIVE ORGANS
REPRODUCCION
REPRODUCTION
SIZE
SOUTH WEST ENGLAND
SPORE FONGIQUE
taxonomy
Xylariales
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Description
Summary:The structure and development of perithecia in five collections of Epichloe from Europe and North America were studied. Perithecia in early stages of development are oblong to ovate in overall shape. Dichotomously branched paraphyses form on the bottom and sides of the inner walls of the perithecial primordium. As the ovate primordium expands, a mound of ascogenous mycelium develops in its base. As asci develop from the ascogenous mound, paraphyses proximal to asci evanesce and no paraphyses are observable within the cluster of asci. In E. amarillans and E baconii paraphyses are converted into pseudoparenchyma-like tissues, while in E. typhina paraphyses remain filamentous until they evanesce. Ascospore development is seen to differ among all three species of Epichloe. The development and structure of the Epichloe centrum are compared to those of the Nectria and Xylaria types. It is apparent that a distinct type of centrum is present in Epichloe, and perhaps all of the Clavicipitaceae. It is proposed that the Epichloe type centrum may represent a key feature for distinguishing the Clavicipitaceae from the Hypocreaceae or other groups of pyrenomycetes
ISSN:0002-9122
1537-2197
DOI:10.2307/2446078