An 82-m 9 Gb/s PAM4 FSO-POF-UWOC Convergent System

With the increasing demand for free-space/underwater environmental monitoring, disaster precaution, and manufacturing industry applications, free-space optical (FSO)-plastic optical fiber (POF)-underwater wireless optical communication (UWOC) convergence is designed to be a promising framework for p...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:IEEE photonics journal 2019-02, Vol.11 (1), p.1-9
Main Authors: Li, Chung-Yi, Lu, Hai-Han, Wang, Yun-Chieh, Wang, Zhen-Han, Su, Chung-Wei, Lu, Yi-Feng, Tsai, Wen-Shing
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Bit error rate
Convergence
Environmental monitoring
Error analysis
Four-level pulse amplitude modulation
free-space optical
graded-index plastic optical fiber
Industrial applications
Laser beams
Oceans
Optical attenuators
Optical beams
Optical communication
Optical fiber communication
Optical fibers
Optical wireless
Pulse amplitude modulation
Semiconductor lasers
Signal transmission
Underwater communication
underwater wireless optical communication
Wireless communications
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Summary:With the increasing demand for free-space/underwater environmental monitoring, disaster precaution, and manufacturing industry applications, free-space optical (FSO)-plastic optical fiber (POF)-underwater wireless optical communication (UWOC) convergence is designed to be a promising framework for providing long-haul free-space with underwater links. An 82-m 9 Gb/s four-level pulse amplitude modulation (PAM4) FSO-POF-UWOC convergent system employing a 405-nm blue-light injection-locked laser diode (LD) is thereby offered and practically demonstrated. Results reveal that a 1.8-GHz 405-nm blue-light injection-locked LD can be effectively applied for a 9-Gb/s PAM4 signal transmission over 50-m FSO link, 30-m graded-index (GI)-POF transportation, and 2 m clear ocean underwater channel. To the authors' understanding, this study is the first to practically build an 82-m 9 Gb/s PAM4 FSO-POF-UWOC convergent system that effectively constructs a long-haul optical wireless-wired-wireless link using doublet lenses, GI-POF, and optical beam reducer. The performances of the proposed convergent systems are analyzed by bit error rate and non-return-to-zero eye diagram in real-time over an 82-m transport. This framework is the leading one to establish a long-haul FSO-POF-UWOC convergent system with qualified transmission performances. It guides a promising way to facilitate wide applications in the convergence of FSO, POF, and UWOC.
ISSN:1943-0655
1943-0647
DOI:10.1109/JPHOT.2018.2890514