The Integrated Prevention Model of Pain-Chronic Pain Prevention in the Primary Care Setting

• Published in: Clinical practice in pediatric psychology 2019-06, Vol.7 (2), p.183-191
• Main Authors: Salamon, Katherine S., Cullinan, Colleen C.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Chronic Pain; Health Promotion; Human; Pain; Pain Management; Prevention; Primary Health Care
• ISSN: 2169-4826; 2169-4834
• DOI: 10.1037/cpp0000269

Objective: Chronic pain is a significant problem that affects a large percentage of children around the world (King et al., 2011). It is widely accepted that pediatric chronic pain can lead to functional impairment, including decreased school attendance, social withdrawal, and decreased participation in extracurricular activities (Huguet & Miró, 2008; Perquin et al., 2000). However, there is a paucity of research examining prevention of chronic pain in children and adolescents (King et al., 2011). Because pain accounts for 20-40% of primary care appointments during childhood and adolescence (De Inocencio, 2004), understanding how to identify youth on the trajectory to chronic pain and provide targeted treatment is essential. Methods: This paper proposes a model of integrating cognitive-behavioral therapy for pain management into a primary care setting as a secondary prevention technique to reduce the incidence of pediatric chronic pain. Case illustrations are utilized to highlight intervening points within primary care. Results: Using principles from Kazak's (2006) Pediatric Psychosocial Prevention Health Model, integrated primary care providers may be in an ideal position to reduce the incidence of pediatric chronic pain and subsequent financial, social, emotional, and educational burden. Conclusions: The Integrated Prevention Model for Pain offers a way to prevent pediatric chronic pain at the primary care level. Recommendations at the various intervention levels, implementation strategies, and future directions are provided. Implications for Impact Statement Chronic pain is a significant problem that leads to a negative impact on the life of the adolescent and their family. This paper aims to explore a model of integrating treatment for pain into primary care settings to decrease the number of youth affected by pediatric chronic pain.