Transforming growth factor-[beta]^sub 1^ elicits Nrf2-mediated antioxidant responses in aortic smooth muscle cells

The anti-inflammatory properties of transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) account for its protection against atherosclerotic plaque rupture. This study investigates whether activation of the Nrf2 (nuclear factor erythroid 2 [NF-E2]-related factor 2) transcription pathway is involved in TGF-β1 media...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of cellular and molecular medicine 2009-08, Vol.13 (8b), p.2282
Main Authors: Churchman, Adrian T, Anwar, Anila A, Li, Francois YL, Sato, Hideyo, Ishii, Tetsuro, Mann, Giovanni E, Siow, Richard CM
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Antioxidants
Cells
Enzymes
Gene expression
Kinases
Rodents
Signal transduction
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Summary:The anti-inflammatory properties of transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) account for its protection against atherosclerotic plaque rupture. This study investigates whether activation of the Nrf2 (nuclear factor erythroid 2 [NF-E2]-related factor 2) transcription pathway is involved in TGF-β1 mediated induction of the antioxidant enzyme heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) in smooth muscle cells (SMC). Human aortic smooth muscle cells (HAoSMC) or wild-type and Nrf2-deficient mouse (MAoSMC) aortic SMC were treated with TGF-β1 (2.5-10 ng/ml, 0-24 hrs). We report the first evidence that TGF-β1 induces Nrf2 mediated HO-1 expression and antioxidant response element activity, which was paralleled by enhanced superoxide production and expression of the NAD(P)H oxidase subunit p22(phox). TGF-β1 failed to induce HO-1 expression in MAoSMC derived from Nrf2-deficient mice, and HO-1 induction by TGF-β1 in HAoSMC was attenuated by inhibition of extracellular signal regulated kinase or c-jun-N-terminal kinase but not p38 mitogen activated protein kinase. Inhibition of NAD(P)H oxidase or scavenging of superoxide diminished HO-1 induction in response to TGF-β1. The oxidative stress agents glucose oxidase (GOx) and diethylmaleate enhanced TGF-β1 generation and HO-1 expression in HAoSMC, while antagonism of TGF-β1 signalling by adenoviral Smad7 overexpression attenuated their induction of HO-1. Pre-treatment of HAoSMC with TGF-β1 reduced nuclear translocation of the pro-apoptotic mediator p53 elicited by GOx. Our findings demonstrate that Nrf2 is a new target of TGF-β1 signalling in the vasculature which may contribute to the atheroprotective properties attributed to this growth factor. [PUBLICATION ABSTRACT]
ISSN:1582-1838