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Overview of 5-year followup outcomes in the drug abuse treatment outcome studies (DATOS)

Followup results from the Drug Abuse Treatment Outcome Studies (DATOS) 1-year and 5-year followups were used to describe the long-term outcomes of drug treatment and to further clarify the relationship between treatment duration and post-treatment outcomes in four treatment modalities: outpatient me...

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Published in:Journal of substance abuse treatment 2003-10, Vol.25 (3), p.125-134
Main Authors: Hubbard, Robert L., Craddock, S.Gail, Anderson, Jill
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description Followup results from the Drug Abuse Treatment Outcome Studies (DATOS) 1-year and 5-year followups were used to describe the long-term outcomes of drug treatment and to further clarify the relationship between treatment duration and post-treatment outcomes in four treatment modalities: outpatient methadone, long-term residential (LTR), outpatient drug free (ODF), and short-term inpatient. Methods replicating those used in earlier analyses of the DATOS 1-year followup of 2,966 patients admitted to treatment in 1991–1993 and those of the Treatment Outcome Prospective Study patients admitted in 1979–1981 were employed. DATOS is a non-experimental longitudinal study conducted within the natural settings of 96 treatment programs in the U.S.A. The study followed patients during and after treatment at specified periods of time. Prevalence of drug use and behaviors were evaluated for the year prior to treatment; and the post-treatment time frames defined by the 1- and 5-year followups. In addition, the multivariate analytic technique of generalized estimating equations was used to examine the relationship of treatment duration and outcomes across both followups while also controlling for patient characteristics and pretreatment levels of behaviors. The 5-year stratified followup sample included 1,393 of the same individuals in the 1-year followup sample. Analyses were restricted to patients participating in both followups. Reductions in prevalence of cocaine use in the year after treatment (compared to the preadmission year) by patients were associated with longer treatment durations (particularly 6 months or more in LTR and ODF). In addition, reductions in illegal activity and increases in full-time employment were related to treatment stays of 6 months or longer for patients in LTR. The DATOS results from the 1-year and 5-year post-treatment followup combined suggest the stability of outcomes of substance abuse treatment. While results are generally consistent with the full 1-year followup, reduced sample size and bias of the sample toward patients with longer treatment retention may have attenuated the findings.
doi_str_mv 10.1016/S0740-5472(03)00130-2
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Psychiatry</topic><topic>Rehabilitation, Vocational - statistics &amp; numerical data</topic><topic>Retention</topic><topic>Statistics as Topic</topic><topic>Substance abuse treatment</topic><topic>Substance Abuse Treatment Centers</topic><topic>Treatment modality differences</topic><topic>Treatment Outcome</topic><topic>Treatments</topic><topic>United States</topic><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Hubbard, Robert L.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Craddock, S.Gail</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Anderson, Jill</creatorcontrib><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Applied Social Sciences Index &amp; Abstracts (ASSIA)</collection><collection>ProQuest Criminal Justice (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Health &amp; Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><jtitle>Journal of substance abuse treatment</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Hubbard, Robert L.</au><au>Craddock, S.Gail</au><au>Anderson, Jill</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Overview of 5-year followup outcomes in the drug abuse treatment outcome studies (DATOS)</atitle><jtitle>Journal of substance abuse treatment</jtitle><addtitle>J Subst Abuse Treat</addtitle><date>2003-10-01</date><risdate>2003</risdate><volume>25</volume><issue>3</issue><spage>125</spage><epage>134</epage><pages>125-134</pages><issn>0740-5472</issn><eissn>1873-6483</eissn><coden>JSATEG</coden><abstract>Followup results from the Drug Abuse Treatment Outcome Studies (DATOS) 1-year and 5-year followups were used to describe the long-term outcomes of drug treatment and to further clarify the relationship between treatment duration and post-treatment outcomes in four treatment modalities: outpatient methadone, long-term residential (LTR), outpatient drug free (ODF), and short-term inpatient. Methods replicating those used in earlier analyses of the DATOS 1-year followup of 2,966 patients admitted to treatment in 1991–1993 and those of the Treatment Outcome Prospective Study patients admitted in 1979–1981 were employed. DATOS is a non-experimental longitudinal study conducted within the natural settings of 96 treatment programs in the U.S.A. The study followed patients during and after treatment at specified periods of time. Prevalence of drug use and behaviors were evaluated for the year prior to treatment; and the post-treatment time frames defined by the 1- and 5-year followups. In addition, the multivariate analytic technique of generalized estimating equations was used to examine the relationship of treatment duration and outcomes across both followups while also controlling for patient characteristics and pretreatment levels of behaviors. The 5-year stratified followup sample included 1,393 of the same individuals in the 1-year followup sample. 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source Applied Social Sciences Index & Abstracts (ASSIA); ScienceDirect Journals
subjects Addictive behaviors
Adult
Adult and adolescent clinical studies
Alcoholism - epidemiology
Alcoholism - rehabilitation
Ambulatory Care - statistics & numerical data
Bias
Biological and medical sciences
Clinical outcomes
Cocaine-Related Disorders - epidemiology
Cocaine-Related Disorders - rehabilitation
Cohort Studies
Crime - prevention & control
Crime - statistics & numerical data
DATOS
Desintoxication. Drug withdrawal
Drug addiction
Female
Follow-Up Studies
Heroin Dependence - epidemiology
Heroin Dependence - rehabilitation
Humans
Length of Stay - statistics & numerical data
Logistic Models
Long-Term Care - statistics & numerical data
Long-term outcomes
Male
Marijuana Abuse - epidemiology
Marijuana Abuse - rehabilitation
Medical sciences
Multiple logistic regression analyses
Outcome Assessment (Health Care) - statistics & numerical data
Patient Admission - statistics & numerical data
Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry
Psychopathology. Psychiatry
Rehabilitation, Vocational - statistics & numerical data
Retention
Statistics as Topic
Substance abuse treatment
Substance Abuse Treatment Centers
Treatment modality differences
Treatment Outcome
Treatments
United States
title Overview of 5-year followup outcomes in the drug abuse treatment outcome studies (DATOS)
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