Threonine stabilizer‐controlled well‐dispersed small palladium nanoparticles on modified magnetic nanocatalyst for Heck cross‐coupling process in water

• Published in: Applied organometallic chemistry 2019-03, Vol.33 (3), p.n/a
• Main Authors: Sarvi, Iraj, Gholizadeh, Mostafa, Izadyar, Mohammad
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Catalysis; Catalysts; Chemistry; Core-shell structure; Coupling; Dispersion; Heck cross‐coupling reaction; Iron oxides; Leaching; magnetic catalyst; Nanoparticles; Palladium; Silicon dioxide; small palladium nanoparticles; Stabilizers (agents); Substrates; Synthesis; threonine stabilizer
• ISSN: 0268-2605; 1099-0739
• DOI: 10.1002/aoc.4645

We report the synthesis of magnetically separable Fe3O4@Silica‐Threonine‐Pd0 magnetic nanoparticles with a core–shell structure. After synthesis of Fe3O4@Silica, threonine as an efficient stabilizer/ligand was bonded to the surface of Fe3O4@Silica. Then, palladium nanoparticles were generated on the threonine‐modified catalyst. The threonine stabilizer helps to generate palladium nanoparticles of small size (less than 4 nm) with high dispersity and uniformity. Magnetically separable Fe3O4@Silica‐Threonine‐Pd0 nanocatalyst was fully characterized using various techniques. This nanocatalyst efficiently catalysed the Heck cross‐coupling reaction of a variety of substrates in water medium as a green, safe and inexpensive solvent at 80°C. The Fe3O4@Silica‐Threonine‐Pd0 catalyst was used for at least eight successful consecutive runs with palladium leaching of only 0.05%. Threonine amino acid as an efficient stabilizer/ligand was bonded to the surface of Fe3O4@Silica. Palladium nanoparticles were generated on Threonine modified catalyst with small size and high dispersity and uniformity. This nanocatalyst catalyzed Heck cross‐coupling reaction of variety of substrates in water medium.