Trichoderma asperellum ACCC30536 inoculation improves soil nutrition and leaf artemisinin production in Artemisia annua

• Published in: Acta physiologiae plantarum 2019-04, Vol.41 (4), p.1-11, Article 46
• Main Authors: Zhai, Tongtong, Wang, Yuefeng, Liu, Changli, Liu, Zhaoying, Zhao, Min, Chang, Yuan, Zhang, Rongshu
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Agriculture; Artemisia annua; Artemisinin; Biological control; Biomedical and Life Sciences; Biosynthesis; Conidia; Enzymes; Gene expression; Inoculation; Leaves; Life Sciences; Malaria; Nutrition; Organic matter; Organic phosphorus; Original Article; Phosphorus; Plant Anatomy/Development; Plant Biochemistry; Plant Genetics and Genomics; Plant growth; Plant Pathology; Plant Physiology; Soil fertility; Soil improvement; Soil nutrients; Soil properties; Soil quality; Trichoderma; Vector-borne diseases; Weight
• ISSN: 0137-5881; 1861-1664
• DOI: 10.1007/s11738-019-2836-7

Artemisia annua L. is the main source of artemisinin, currently the most effective treatment for malaria. However, an affordable and abundant supply of artemisinin remains elusive. Trichoderma is a biocontrol agent that stimulates plant growth and defense responses, and improves soil quality. To date, relatively few studies have focused on improving leaf biomass and artemisinin production in A. annua using Trichoderma . To investigate the role of T. asperellum ACCC30536 in improving the artemisinin yield of A. annua , field-grown A. annua was inoculated with T. asperellum conidia and grown for 60 days. The results showed that leaf artemisinin concentration and dry weight were increased significantly after inoculation. The optimal inoculation dose was 200 mL of conidia suspension at 1 × 10 7 colony-forming units (cfu)/mL, the highest artemisinin concentration was 8.83 mg/g, and the highest artemisinin production was 70.6 g on day 50. The results of qRT-PCR revealed that expression of genes encoding key enzymes for artemisinin biosynthesis, namely HMGR1, FPS, ADS, CYP71AV1, CPR, DBR, DXS1 , and DXR1 , was generally upregulated during days 20–50 following induction by Trichoderma . In addition, the moisture, pH stability, organic matter content, and availability of nitrogen, phosphorus, and kalium in inoculated soil were significantly improved. Thus, application of T. asperellum ACCC30536 may offer a novel approach for improving artemisinin production by upregulating the expression of key enzymes for artemisinin biosynthesis, increasing leaf yield, and improving soil fertility.