Isopiestic Method for Solution Model Verifications and Binodal Determinations

Testing a theoretical model by using precise experiments is one of the important subjects in natural sciences. The isopiestic method at constant temperature is one of the most important and widely used experimental methods for determining thermodynamic properties of aqueous solutions. It has been us...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of solution chemistry 2019-03, Vol.48 (3), p.329-353
Main Author: Wang, Zhi-Chang
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Alloy systems
Aqueous solutions
Binary alloys
Chemistry
Chemistry and Materials Science
Condensed Matter Physics
Geochemistry
Industrial Chemistry/Chemical Engineering
Inorganic Chemistry
Liquid alloys
Mixed oxides
Molten salts
Nonelectrolytes
Oceanography
Physical Chemistry
Solvents
Thermodynamic properties
Citations: Items that this one cites
Items that cite this one
Online Access:Get full text
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
Description
Summary:Testing a theoretical model by using precise experiments is one of the important subjects in natural sciences. The isopiestic method at constant temperature is one of the most important and widely used experimental methods for determining thermodynamic properties of aqueous solutions. It has been used for the precise measurements of solvent activities and solute molalities for hundreds of binary and higher-order aqueous solutions. It has also been applied to a few binary nonaqueous solutions. On the other hand, the Zdanovskii–Stokes–Robinson (ZSR) rule is the simplest isopiestic molality relation for mixed electrolyte and nonelectrolyte aqueous solutions related to the corresponding single aqueous solutions and thus the isopiestic method has been used as the perfect experimental method for its direct and precise verifications. Here, we review our isopiestic measurements used for solution model verifications. The experimental systems include unsaturated and saturated aqueous solutions, unsaturated methanol solutions, unsaturated mixed solvent systems, unsaturated liquid alloys, unsaturated molten salt mixtures, and unsaturated molten oxide mixtures. Additionally, the isopiestic principle and preliminary experiments are also described for the binodal determination of liquid–liquid bi-phasic solutions, taking binary liquid alloys as examples.
ISSN:0095-9782
1572-8927
DOI:10.1007/s10953-018-0799-8