AN EXPLORATORY INVESTIGATION INTO THEORETICAL MECHANISMS UNDERLYING REALISTIC JOB PREVIEWS

• Published in: Personnel psychology 1998-06, Vol.51 (2), p.421-451
• Main Authors: HOM, PETER W., GRIFFETH, RODGER W., PALICH, LESLIE E., BRACKER, JEFFREY S.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Altruism; Behavior; Coping; Effects; Employee turnover; Employers; Employment; Evidence; Job descriptions; Job Satisfaction; Laboratories; Laboratory Experiments; Meta Analysis; New employees; Nurses; Rating services; Resistance (Psychology); Structural Equation Models; Studies; Validity
• ISSN: 0031-5826; 1744-6570
• DOI: 10.1111/j.1744-6570.1998.tb00732.x

This research explored complex theories about why realistic job previews (RJPs) deter turnover. After designing an RJP booklet about nursing work, we delivered this RJP to 82 newly hired nurses during orientation, while presenting a traditional recruitment brochure to 76 other nurses. Nurses also completed surveys on two occasions, assessing processes commonly thought to translate RJP influence: met expectations; commitment; perceived employer caring; coping efficacy; and value orientation. The RJP lowered voluntary quits: 8.5% of nurses given previews quit versus 17.8% of control nurses (p ≤ .10). Using structural equation methodology (SEM), we compared two integrative formulations portraying different structural networks among mechanisms behind RJP influence. Observed data appeared more consistent with an interdependent than independent mediating process model. In particular, these data suggest that met expectations have direct and indirect effects through other mediators (e.g., organizational concern and coping) on turnover precursors–namely, job satisfaction and organizational commitment.