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Process intensification of biodiesel synthesis via ultrasound‐assisted in situ esterification of Jatropha oil seeds
BACKGROUND Non‐edible oil such as Jatropha oil has high free fatty acids (FFAs) content. Therefore, acid esterification is a suitable route to reduce its FFA content to an acceptable limit (2 FFA%) before being subjected to further transesterification. In the present study, Jatropha seeds were utili...
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| Published in: | Journal of chemical technology and biotechnology (1986) 2019-05, Vol.94 (5), p.1362-1373 |
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| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Language: | English |
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| cited_by | cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c3349-726a00eec7b7a528cfe748240d7deb65f71069001c3d9495cb56d5144a6b861f3 |
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| cites | cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c3349-726a00eec7b7a528cfe748240d7deb65f71069001c3d9495cb56d5144a6b861f3 |
| container_end_page | 1373 |
| container_issue | 5 |
| container_start_page | 1362 |
| container_title | Journal of chemical technology and biotechnology (1986) |
| container_volume | 94 |
| creator | Tan, Shiou Xuan Ong, Hwai Chyuan Lim, Steven Pang, Yean Ling Milano, Jassinnee |
| description | BACKGROUND
Non‐edible oil such as Jatropha oil has high free fatty acids (FFAs) content. Therefore, acid esterification is a suitable route to reduce its FFA content to an acceptable limit (2 FFA%) before being subjected to further transesterification. In the present study, Jatropha seeds were utilized as the feedstock directly instead of Jatropha oil during ultrasound‐assisted in situ esterification. The objective of this work is to evaluate the feasibility of in situ esterification of Jatropha oil seeds using sulphuric acid (H2SO4) as catalyst with the aid of ultrasound.
RESULTS
The reaction parameters (particle size, n‐hexane to methanol volume ratio, H2SO4 amount, reaction time and ultrasonic amplitude) were optimized and evaluated in term of extraction and esterification efficiencies as well as fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) yield. The highest extraction efficiency of 83.96%, esterification efficiency of 71.10% and FAME yield of 38.58% were achieved at particle size of 1–2 mm, n‐hexane to methanol volume ratio of 3:1, 5 vol% of H2SO4 and ultrasonic amplitude of 60% with reaction time of 150 min.
CONCLUSION
Synthesis of biodiesel via ultrasound‐assisted in situ esterification of Jatropha oil seeds was successful with considerable yield, which could provide improvement in terms of process intensification and more value added by‐products. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1002/jctb.5869 |
| format | article |
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Non‐edible oil such as Jatropha oil has high free fatty acids (FFAs) content. Therefore, acid esterification is a suitable route to reduce its FFA content to an acceptable limit (2 FFA%) before being subjected to further transesterification. In the present study, Jatropha seeds were utilized as the feedstock directly instead of Jatropha oil during ultrasound‐assisted in situ esterification. The objective of this work is to evaluate the feasibility of in situ esterification of Jatropha oil seeds using sulphuric acid (H2SO4) as catalyst with the aid of ultrasound.
RESULTS
The reaction parameters (particle size, n‐hexane to methanol volume ratio, H2SO4 amount, reaction time and ultrasonic amplitude) were optimized and evaluated in term of extraction and esterification efficiencies as well as fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) yield. The highest extraction efficiency of 83.96%, esterification efficiency of 71.10% and FAME yield of 38.58% were achieved at particle size of 1–2 mm, n‐hexane to methanol volume ratio of 3:1, 5 vol% of H2SO4 and ultrasonic amplitude of 60% with reaction time of 150 min.
CONCLUSION
Synthesis of biodiesel via ultrasound‐assisted in situ esterification of Jatropha oil seeds was successful with considerable yield, which could provide improvement in terms of process intensification and more value added by‐products. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry</description><identifier>ISSN: 0268-2575</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1097-4660</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1002/jctb.5869</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd</publisher><subject>Amplitudes ; Biodiesel fuels ; biofuel ; Biofuels ; Chemical synthesis ; Diesel ; Esterification ; Fatty acids ; Feasibility studies ; free fatty acid ; in situ esterification ; Jatropha ; Jatropha seeds ; Methanol ; Oil ; Oils & fats ; Oilseeds ; Organic chemistry ; Particle size ; Process intensification ; Reaction time ; Seeds ; Sulfuric acid ; sulphuric acid ; Transesterification ; Ultrasonic imaging ; Ultrasound ; Yield</subject><ispartof>Journal of chemical technology and biotechnology (1986), 2019-05, Vol.94 (5), p.1362-1373</ispartof><rights>2018 Society of Chemical Industry</rights><rights>Copyright © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c3349-726a00eec7b7a528cfe748240d7deb65f71069001c3d9495cb56d5144a6b861f3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c3349-726a00eec7b7a528cfe748240d7deb65f71069001c3d9495cb56d5144a6b861f3</cites><orcidid>0000-0001-8699-9772</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,777,781,27905,27906</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Tan, Shiou Xuan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ong, Hwai Chyuan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lim, Steven</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pang, Yean Ling</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Milano, Jassinnee</creatorcontrib><title>Process intensification of biodiesel synthesis via ultrasound‐assisted in situ esterification of Jatropha oil seeds</title><title>Journal of chemical technology and biotechnology (1986)</title><description>BACKGROUND
Non‐edible oil such as Jatropha oil has high free fatty acids (FFAs) content. Therefore, acid esterification is a suitable route to reduce its FFA content to an acceptable limit (2 FFA%) before being subjected to further transesterification. In the present study, Jatropha seeds were utilized as the feedstock directly instead of Jatropha oil during ultrasound‐assisted in situ esterification. The objective of this work is to evaluate the feasibility of in situ esterification of Jatropha oil seeds using sulphuric acid (H2SO4) as catalyst with the aid of ultrasound.
RESULTS
The reaction parameters (particle size, n‐hexane to methanol volume ratio, H2SO4 amount, reaction time and ultrasonic amplitude) were optimized and evaluated in term of extraction and esterification efficiencies as well as fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) yield. The highest extraction efficiency of 83.96%, esterification efficiency of 71.10% and FAME yield of 38.58% were achieved at particle size of 1–2 mm, n‐hexane to methanol volume ratio of 3:1, 5 vol% of H2SO4 and ultrasonic amplitude of 60% with reaction time of 150 min.
CONCLUSION
Synthesis of biodiesel via ultrasound‐assisted in situ esterification of Jatropha oil seeds was successful with considerable yield, which could provide improvement in terms of process intensification and more value added by‐products. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry</description><subject>Amplitudes</subject><subject>Biodiesel fuels</subject><subject>biofuel</subject><subject>Biofuels</subject><subject>Chemical synthesis</subject><subject>Diesel</subject><subject>Esterification</subject><subject>Fatty acids</subject><subject>Feasibility studies</subject><subject>free fatty acid</subject><subject>in situ esterification</subject><subject>Jatropha</subject><subject>Jatropha seeds</subject><subject>Methanol</subject><subject>Oil</subject><subject>Oils & fats</subject><subject>Oilseeds</subject><subject>Organic chemistry</subject><subject>Particle size</subject><subject>Process intensification</subject><subject>Reaction time</subject><subject>Seeds</subject><subject>Sulfuric acid</subject><subject>sulphuric acid</subject><subject>Transesterification</subject><subject>Ultrasonic imaging</subject><subject>Ultrasound</subject><subject>Yield</subject><issn>0268-2575</issn><issn>1097-4660</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2019</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNp1kL9OwzAQhy0EEqUw8AaWmBjSnp3YTkao-FdVgqHMluM4qqsQF9sBdeMReEaeBJeyMDCd7vTdd6cfQucEJgSATtc61hNW8uoAjQhUIis4h0M0AsrLjDLBjtFJCGsA4CXlIzQ8eadNCNj20fTBtlaraF2PXYtr6xprgulw2PZxZYIN-M0qPHTRq-CGvvn6-FQhjaNpkgAHGwdsUuf_eOYqerdZKexsUhnThFN01KoumLPfOkbPtzfL2X22eLx7mF0tMp3nRZUJyhWAMVrUQjFa6taIoqQFNKIxNWetIMArAKLzpioqpmvGG0aKQvG65KTNx-hi79149zqkz-TaDb5PJyWlkFPCBRWJutxT2rsQvGnlxtsX5beSgNylKnepyl2qiZ3u2Xfbme3_oJzPltc_G9_wLHzh</recordid><startdate>201905</startdate><enddate>201905</enddate><creator>Tan, Shiou Xuan</creator><creator>Ong, Hwai Chyuan</creator><creator>Lim, Steven</creator><creator>Pang, Yean Ling</creator><creator>Milano, Jassinnee</creator><general>John Wiley & Sons, Ltd</general><general>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc</general><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7QF</scope><scope>7QO</scope><scope>7QQ</scope><scope>7QR</scope><scope>7SC</scope><scope>7SE</scope><scope>7SP</scope><scope>7SR</scope><scope>7T7</scope><scope>7TA</scope><scope>7TB</scope><scope>7U5</scope><scope>8BQ</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>F28</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>H8D</scope><scope>H8G</scope><scope>JG9</scope><scope>JQ2</scope><scope>KR7</scope><scope>L7M</scope><scope>L~C</scope><scope>L~D</scope><scope>P64</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8699-9772</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>201905</creationdate><title>Process intensification of biodiesel synthesis via ultrasound‐assisted in situ esterification of Jatropha oil seeds</title><author>Tan, Shiou Xuan ; Ong, Hwai Chyuan ; Lim, Steven ; Pang, Yean Ling ; Milano, Jassinnee</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c3349-726a00eec7b7a528cfe748240d7deb65f71069001c3d9495cb56d5144a6b861f3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2019</creationdate><topic>Amplitudes</topic><topic>Biodiesel fuels</topic><topic>biofuel</topic><topic>Biofuels</topic><topic>Chemical synthesis</topic><topic>Diesel</topic><topic>Esterification</topic><topic>Fatty acids</topic><topic>Feasibility studies</topic><topic>free fatty acid</topic><topic>in situ esterification</topic><topic>Jatropha</topic><topic>Jatropha seeds</topic><topic>Methanol</topic><topic>Oil</topic><topic>Oils & fats</topic><topic>Oilseeds</topic><topic>Organic chemistry</topic><topic>Particle size</topic><topic>Process intensification</topic><topic>Reaction time</topic><topic>Seeds</topic><topic>Sulfuric acid</topic><topic>sulphuric acid</topic><topic>Transesterification</topic><topic>Ultrasonic imaging</topic><topic>Ultrasound</topic><topic>Yield</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Tan, Shiou Xuan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ong, Hwai Chyuan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lim, Steven</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pang, Yean Ling</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Milano, Jassinnee</creatorcontrib><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Aluminium Industry Abstracts</collection><collection>Biotechnology Research Abstracts</collection><collection>Ceramic Abstracts</collection><collection>Chemoreception Abstracts</collection><collection>Computer and Information Systems Abstracts</collection><collection>Corrosion Abstracts</collection><collection>Electronics & Communications Abstracts</collection><collection>Engineered Materials Abstracts</collection><collection>Industrial and Applied Microbiology Abstracts (Microbiology A)</collection><collection>Materials Business File</collection><collection>Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Solid State and Superconductivity Abstracts</collection><collection>METADEX</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>ANTE: Abstracts in New Technology & Engineering</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Aerospace Database</collection><collection>Copper Technical Reference Library</collection><collection>Materials Research Database</collection><collection>ProQuest Computer Science Collection</collection><collection>Civil Engineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Advanced Technologies Database with Aerospace</collection><collection>Computer and Information Systems Abstracts Academic</collection><collection>Computer and Information Systems Abstracts Professional</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><jtitle>Journal of chemical technology and biotechnology (1986)</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Tan, Shiou Xuan</au><au>Ong, Hwai Chyuan</au><au>Lim, Steven</au><au>Pang, Yean Ling</au><au>Milano, Jassinnee</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Process intensification of biodiesel synthesis via ultrasound‐assisted in situ esterification of Jatropha oil seeds</atitle><jtitle>Journal of chemical technology and biotechnology (1986)</jtitle><date>2019-05</date><risdate>2019</risdate><volume>94</volume><issue>5</issue><spage>1362</spage><epage>1373</epage><pages>1362-1373</pages><issn>0268-2575</issn><eissn>1097-4660</eissn><abstract>BACKGROUND
Non‐edible oil such as Jatropha oil has high free fatty acids (FFAs) content. Therefore, acid esterification is a suitable route to reduce its FFA content to an acceptable limit (2 FFA%) before being subjected to further transesterification. In the present study, Jatropha seeds were utilized as the feedstock directly instead of Jatropha oil during ultrasound‐assisted in situ esterification. The objective of this work is to evaluate the feasibility of in situ esterification of Jatropha oil seeds using sulphuric acid (H2SO4) as catalyst with the aid of ultrasound.
RESULTS
The reaction parameters (particle size, n‐hexane to methanol volume ratio, H2SO4 amount, reaction time and ultrasonic amplitude) were optimized and evaluated in term of extraction and esterification efficiencies as well as fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) yield. The highest extraction efficiency of 83.96%, esterification efficiency of 71.10% and FAME yield of 38.58% were achieved at particle size of 1–2 mm, n‐hexane to methanol volume ratio of 3:1, 5 vol% of H2SO4 and ultrasonic amplitude of 60% with reaction time of 150 min.
CONCLUSION
Synthesis of biodiesel via ultrasound‐assisted in situ esterification of Jatropha oil seeds was successful with considerable yield, which could provide improvement in terms of process intensification and more value added by‐products. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry</abstract><cop>Chichester, UK</cop><pub>John Wiley & Sons, Ltd</pub><doi>10.1002/jctb.5869</doi><tpages>12</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8699-9772</orcidid></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 0268-2575 |
| ispartof | Journal of chemical technology and biotechnology (1986), 2019-05, Vol.94 (5), p.1362-1373 |
| issn | 0268-2575 1097-4660 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_proquest_journals_2203216727 |
| source | Wiley-Blackwell Read & Publish Collection |
| subjects | Amplitudes Biodiesel fuels biofuel Biofuels Chemical synthesis Diesel Esterification Fatty acids Feasibility studies free fatty acid in situ esterification Jatropha Jatropha seeds Methanol Oil Oils & fats Oilseeds Organic chemistry Particle size Process intensification Reaction time Seeds Sulfuric acid sulphuric acid Transesterification Ultrasonic imaging Ultrasound Yield |
| title | Process intensification of biodiesel synthesis via ultrasound‐assisted in situ esterification of Jatropha oil seeds |
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