Immunotherapy: last bullet in platinum refractory germ cell testicular cancer

Testicular germ cell tumors are chemosensitive with very high cure-rates even in the metastatic setting. However, patients with platinum-refractory and relapsing tumors after autologous stem cell transplant have very poor outcomes despite salvage treatments, and with no effective alternative therapi...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Future oncology (London, England) England), 2019-02, Vol.15 (5), p.533-541
Main Authors: Semaan, Albert, Haddad, Fady GH, Eid, Roland, Kourie, Hampig Raphael, Nemr, Elie
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Apoptosis
Cancer therapies
Chemotherapy
Clinical trials
germ cell
immune checkpoint inhibitors
Immunotherapy
Ligands
Lymphocytes
Metastasis
Monoclonal antibodies
Mortality
Patients
PD-L1
platinum-refractory
Stem cells
Targeted cancer therapy
Testicular cancer
Transplants & implants
Tumors
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Summary:Testicular germ cell tumors are chemosensitive with very high cure-rates even in the metastatic setting. However, patients with platinum-refractory and relapsing tumors after autologous stem cell transplant have very poor outcomes despite salvage treatments, and with no effective alternative therapies. Immunotherapy, notably with PD-1 inhibitors, has proven to be very effective in treating various solid tumors. This review summarizes the experience with anti-PD-1 agents (pembrolizumab, nivolumab) in the treatment of testicular germ cell tumor relapsing after multiple lines of treatment, and exposes future trials evaluating newer checkpoint inhibitors in this setting.
ISSN:1479-6694
1744-8301
DOI:10.2217/fon-2018-0571