Multibeam 3-D-Printed Luneburg Lens Fed by Magnetoelectric Dipole Antennas for Millimeter-Wave MIMO Applications

A 3-D-printed Luneburg lens with a novel simplified geometry is presented. The rod-type structures are employed as the unit cell of the gradient-index material to realize the required permittivity distribution in the lens. A prototype designed in the Ka -band is manufactured successfully by using a...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:IEEE transactions on antennas and propagation 2019-05, Vol.67 (5), p.2923-2933
Main Authors: Li, Yujian, Ge, Lei, Chen, Meie, Zhang, Zhan, Li, Zheng, Wang, Junhong
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
3-D printing
Bandwidths
Beams (radiation)
Broadband
Configuration management
Dielectric constant
Dipole antennas
fifth-generation (5G) communications
Geometry
Lens antennas
Lenses
Luneburg lens
millimeter wave (mm-wave)
Millimeter waves
multibeam antenna
Mutual coupling
Permittivity
Substrate integrated waveguides
Three dimensional printing
Three-dimensional displays
Unit cell
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Summary:A 3-D-printed Luneburg lens with a novel simplified geometry is presented. The rod-type structures are employed as the unit cell of the gradient-index material to realize the required permittivity distribution in the lens. A prototype designed in the Ka -band is manufactured successfully by using a commercial 3-D printing facility. The substrate-integrated waveguide fed magnetoelectric (ME)-dipole antenna with endfire radiation is introduced as the feed for the Luneburg lens due to its wideband performance and compact configuration. By combining the lens with a set of the ME-dipoles, a millimeter-wave (mm-wave) multibeam Luneburg lens antenna is designed, fabricated, and measured. An overlapped impedance bandwidth of wider than 40% that can cover the entire Ka -band and mutual coupling below −17 dB are verified by the fabricated prototype. Nine stable radiation beams with a scanning range between ±61°, gain up to 21.2 dBi with a variation of 2.6 dB, and radiation efficiency of around 75% are achieved as well. With the advantages of good operating features, low fabrication costs, and ease of integration, the proposed multibeam Luneburg lens antenna would be a promising candidate for the fifth-generation (5G) mm-wave multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) applications in 28 and 38 GHz bands.
ISSN:0018-926X
1558-2221
DOI:10.1109/TAP.2019.2899013