Solvent effects in palladium catalysed cross-coupling reactions

Palladium catalysed cross-couplings reactions have been a dominant method in synthetic chemistry for decades. Despite this, the role of the solvent is often taken for granted and poorly understood. Regulations affecting some the most frequently used solvents for cross-coupling reactions are accelera...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Green chemistry : an international journal and green chemistry resource : GC 2019, Vol.21 (9), p.2164-2213
Main Authors: Sherwood, James, Clark, James H., Fairlamb, Ian J. S., Slattery, John M.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Chemical reactions
Couplings
Cross coupling
Green chemistry
Organic chemistry
Palladium
Solvent effect
Solvents
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Summary:Palladium catalysed cross-couplings reactions have been a dominant method in synthetic chemistry for decades. Despite this, the role of the solvent is often taken for granted and poorly understood. Regulations affecting some the most frequently used solvents for cross-coupling reactions are accelerating current trends towards using new types of solvents. In this review, the fundamental interactions between solvent and catalyst are explained so that it may inform the rational selection of high performance and safe solvents. The popular cross-coupling methodologies are addressed (Suzuki, Stille, Kumada, Negishi, Hiyama, Heck, Sonogashira, and Buchwald–Hartwig reactions) and novel solvents introduced.
ISSN:1463-9262
1463-9270
DOI:10.1039/C9GC00617F