Clinical and radiographic outcomes of three different loading protocols for single-implant-supported prostheses: A randomized controlled trial

• Published in: Journal of international oral health 2018-07, Vol.10 (4), p.180-186
• Main Authors: Galal, Rami, Yousief, Salah, Alqahtani, Waleed
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Bone density; Bone loss; Dental crowns; Dental implants; Dental prosthetics; Dental restorative materials; Implant dentures; Load; Mandible; Mechanical loading; Mechanical properties; Medical prognosis; Occlusion; Patient satisfaction; Periodontics; Physiological aspects; Prostheses; Prosthetics; Prosthodontics; Radiography; Statistical analysis; Success; Surgery; Teeth; Testing; Transplants & implants
• ISSN: 0976-7428; 0976-1799
• DOI: 10.4103/jioh.jioh_75_18

Aims: The aim of this study is to assess the effects of early, immediate, and progressive loading of dental implants clinically and radiographically. Materials and Methods: Twenty implants were inserted in 20 patients. Five implants were used for each group (early, immediate, progressive, and conventional loading). In early loading, implant was loaded after 1 week. In immediate loading, loaded with temporary crown within 48 hours then definitive prosthesis after 4 months. In progressive loading loaded with temporary crowns out of occlusion after 3 months for the mandibular sites and 4 months for the maxillary ones for 1 month, and then loading on centric occlusion for 1 month, then full occlusion for 2 months, then definitive prostheses were used. Radiographic assessment for crestal bone loss was done. Clinical assessment of periodontal pocket depth was performed at 3, 6, and 9 months. Results: At 9 months, probing depths were 1.80 ± 0.37, 2.10 ± 0.34, 2.25 ± 0.18, and 1.83 ± 0.38, for immediate, early, progressive, and control groups, respectively. Immediate group showed statistically nonsignificant bone loss after 3 months in the mesial side but showed statistically significant bone loss after 6 and 9 months whereas statistically significant bone loss through all periods in the distal side. Early group showed statistically significant bone lose. Progressive group showed statistically nonsignificant bone loss after 3 months but significant loss after 6 and 9 months. Control group showed statistically nonsignificant bone loss. Conclusions: Immediate loading showed excellent soft-tissue reaction, and early loading responses are identical to conventional two-staged procedure. Progressive loading demonstrated significantly less crestal bone loss than conventional one.