Stent implantation alters coronary artery hemodynamics and wall shear stress during maximal vasodilation

• Published in: Journal of applied physiology (1985) 2002-12, Vol.93 (6), p.1939-1946
• Main Authors: LaDisa, John F., Jr, Hettrick, Douglas A, Olson, Lars E, Guler, Ismail, Gross, Eric R, Kress, Tobias T, Kersten, Judy R, Warltier, David C, Pagel, Paul S
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Adenosine - pharmacology; Anesthesia; Animals; Biological and medical sciences; Blood Flow Velocity - drug effects; Blood Flow Velocity - physiology; Blood vessels; Body fluids; Cardiovascular disease; Coronary Circulation - drug effects; Coronary Circulation - physiology; Diseases of the cardiovascular system; Dogs; Female; Laser-Doppler Flowmetry - instrumentation; Laser-Doppler Flowmetry - methods; Male; Medical sciences; Radiotherapy. Instrumental treatment. Physiotherapy. Reeducation. Rehabilitation, orthophony, crenotherapy. Diet therapy and various other treatments (general aspects); Stents; Stress, Mechanical; Vascular Resistance - physiology; Vasodilation - drug effects; Vasodilation - physiology; Vasodilator Agents - pharmacology
• ISSN: 8750-7587; 1522-1601
• DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00544.2002

1  Departments of Anesthesiology, 5  Medicine (Division of Cardiovascular Diseases), and 4  Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Wisconsin and the Clement J. Zablocki Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Milwaukee 53226; and 2  Department of Biomedical Engineering, Marquette University, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53201; and 3  Boston Scientific-SciMed, Maple Grove, Minnesota 55311 Coronary stents improve resting blood flow and flow reserve in the presence of stenoses, but the impact of these devices on fluid dynamics during profound vasodilation is largely unknown. We tested the hypothesis that stent implantation affects adenosine-induced alterations in coronary hemodynamics and wall shear stress in anesthetized dogs ( n  = 6) instrumented for measurement of left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) blood flow, velocity, diameter, and radius of curvature. Indexes of fluid dynamics and shear stress were determined before and after placement of a slotted-tube stent in the absence and presence of an adenosine infusion (1.0   mg/min). Adenosine increased blood flow, Reynolds (Re) and Dean numbers (De), and regional and oscillatory shear stress concomitant with reductions in LAD vascular resistance and segmental compliance before stent implantation. Increases in LAD blood flow, Re, De, and indexes of shear stress were observed after stent deployment ( P