The Effects of UVB and Vitamin D on Decreasing Risk of Colorectal Cancer Incidence and Mortality: A Review of the Epidemiology, Clinical Trials, and Mechanisms

The solar ultraviolet B-vitamin D-cancer hypothesis was first suggested in 1980 based on a geographical ecological study. Since then, several ecological and observational studies, as well as researches of mechanisms have supported the hypothesis. Also, the association between vitamin D condition and...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Nutrition and cancer 2019-07, Vol.71 (5), p.709-717
Main Authors: Haidari, Fatemeh, Abiri, Behnaz, Iravani, Masood, Razavi, Seyyed-Mohsen, Vafa, Mohammadreza
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Cancer
Clinical trials
Colorectal cancer
Colorectal carcinoma
Colorectal Neoplasms - epidemiology
Colorectal Neoplasms - prevention & control
Ecological monitoring
Ecological studies
Epidemiology
Health risks
Humans
Hypotheses
Incidence
Medical research
Risk Assessment
Risk reduction
Supplements
Tumorigenesis
Ultraviolet Rays
Vitamin D
Vitamin D - pharmacology
Vitamins - pharmacology
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Summary:The solar ultraviolet B-vitamin D-cancer hypothesis was first suggested in 1980 based on a geographical ecological study. Since then, several ecological and observational studies, as well as researches of mechanisms have supported the hypothesis. Also, the association between vitamin D condition and cancer risk has been assessed in a number of epidemiologic studies, while data from interventional studies remain scant. In regard of cancer locations, the body of evidence is most substantial for colorectal cancer, for which support comes from studies of 25(OH)D, vitamin D intake, and region of residence in a sunny weather. Collectively evidence demonstrates that vitamin D has a potent and beneficial effect at antagonizing and blocking several mitogenic mechanisms related to tumorigenesis. Taken together with the epidemiological studies and limited clinical trials, individuals may need to consider elevating 25(OH)D levels via sun exposure and/or vitamin D supplementation to decrease risk of colorectal cancer, in addition to standard care, treat cancer.
ISSN:0163-5581
1532-7914
DOI:10.1080/01635581.2018.1521444