Effects of Salinity and Immobilization Period on the Nitrification and Denitrification Co-processes during Biofilter Acclimation in a Marine Recirculating Aquaculture System

Biological filtration plays an important role in a sustainable recirculating aquaculture system. To provide the appropriate conditions for biofilter acclimation, the effects of the salinity and acclimation period on nitrogen removal and microbial diversity were evaluated. Nitrification rate (NR) of...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of Water and Environment Technology 2019, Vol.17(2), pp.89-99
Main Authors: Satanwat, Penpicha, Pungrasmi, Wiboonluk, Powtongsook, Sorawit
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Acclimation
Acclimatization
Anoxia
Anoxic conditions
Aquaculture
Aquaculture systems
Aquaculture techniques
biofilter acclimation
Biofilters
Biofiltration
Decapoda
Denitrification
DNA
DNA sequences
DNA sequencing
Immobilization
Marine biology
Marine crustaceans
microbial dynamics
Microorganisms
Nitrification
Nitrogen removal
recirculating aquaculture system
Recirculating aquaculture systems
Salinity
Salinity effects
Seawater
Shellfish
Shrimp culture
Sustainable aquaculture
Tanks
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Summary:Biological filtration plays an important role in a sustainable recirculating aquaculture system. To provide the appropriate conditions for biofilter acclimation, the effects of the salinity and acclimation period on nitrogen removal and microbial diversity were evaluated. Nitrification rate (NR) of the shrimp tank biofilter increased during the first 4 weeks and decreased thereafter. The highest NR was found in the 5 PSU salinity tank at week 2, whereas in the other salinities (15 and 25 PSU) the highest NR was observed at week 4. Meanwhile, the denitrification rate (DNR) increased significantly on week 8 and the highest DNRs were obtained after switching from an aerobic to an anoxic condition with methanol supplement. Under this anoxic condition the biofilter acclimated in seawater had the highest DNR. Changes in the microbial community during immobilization were monitored using Illumina MiSeq DNA sequencing. Proteobacteria and Bacteriodetes were the most abundant phyla found in this study. For nitrifiers, Nitrosomonadaceae were found from the first week of acclimation, while only one operational taxonomic unit (OTU) of Nitrospiraceae was observed. Under the anoxic condition at the end of the shrimp culture, two OTUs of Nitrospiraceae were found in both the 15 and 25 PSU tanks.
ISSN:1348-2165
1348-2165
DOI:10.2965/jwet.18-048