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Experimental investigation of particle emissions from a Dieseline fuelled compression ignition engine
•Dieseline CI combustion was investigated at medium-high engine operating loads.•Particle number and mass emissions were reduced by up to 99.5% compared to diesel.•Low concentration bimodal particle size distributions were observed for Dieseline.•Decrease of accumulation particles was less evident b...
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| Published in: | Fuel (Guildford) 2019-09, Vol.251, p.175-186 |
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| cites | cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c409t-6769ee1d9c623b195b408e36b29639bbf195aee4d7db7018c83846d7ca8d2f8e3 |
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| creator | Zeraati-Rezaei, Soheil Al-Qahtani, Yasser Herreros, Jose M. Ma, Xiao Xu, Hongming |
| description | •Dieseline CI combustion was investigated at medium-high engine operating loads.•Particle number and mass emissions were reduced by up to 99.5% compared to diesel.•Low concentration bimodal particle size distributions were observed for Dieseline.•Decrease of accumulation particles was less evident by increasing injection pressure.•With longer ignition-dwell, emissions were more sensitive to fuel injection timing.
Achieving low-smoke and low-NOx premixed compression ignition (PCI) combustion at a wide engine operating load range has been a challenge; especially in multi-cylinder engines running at higher loads for which less data is available in the literature. More specifically, it is of interest to characterise particle emissions under these conditions and identify their possible reduction benefit in different size classes compared to conventional diesel combustion. Mixing diesel with gasoline (Dieseline) as an incentive to reduce fuel reactivity (cetane-number) and consequently improve premixing is believed to be useful for PCI. In this study, the feasibility and benefits of using low cetane-number ( |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1016/j.fuel.2019.03.138 |
| format | article |
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Achieving low-smoke and low-NOx premixed compression ignition (PCI) combustion at a wide engine operating load range has been a challenge; especially in multi-cylinder engines running at higher loads for which less data is available in the literature. More specifically, it is of interest to characterise particle emissions under these conditions and identify their possible reduction benefit in different size classes compared to conventional diesel combustion. Mixing diesel with gasoline (Dieseline) as an incentive to reduce fuel reactivity (cetane-number) and consequently improve premixing is believed to be useful for PCI. In this study, the feasibility and benefits of using low cetane-number (<30) and wide boiling range G75-Dieseline (75% gasoline in diesel based on volume) in a production light-duty 4-cylinder CI engine are investigated at medium-high loads of 6, 12 and 17.3 bar BMEP. It was found that G75 combustion resulted in lower particle emissions (both number and mass), by up to 99.5%, while maintaining the same range of efficiency and NOx compared to diesel combustion. Bimodal particle size distributions were observed for both G75 and diesel while concentrations of G75 particles were much lower across the entire diameter range. For G75, increasing the fuel injection pressure decreased particle number concentration (especially in nucleation mode) while particle mass was less affected. At medium loads, because of longer ignition-dwell of G75 compared to diesel, variations of combustion and emission characteristics were more sensitive to injection timing. At high loads, mixing-controlled combustion phase was observed for G75 and highlighted the importance of investigating advanced intake pressure boosting systems and interactions between fuel spray and piston.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0016-2361</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1873-7153</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.fuel.2019.03.138</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Kidlington: Elsevier Ltd</publisher><subject>Cetane number ; Combustion ; Compression ; Diesel ; Diesel engines ; Dieseline ; Emissions ; Engine cylinders ; Feasibility studies ; Fuel injection ; Fuel sprays ; Gasoline ; Ignition ; Injection ; Injection strategy ; Loads (forces) ; Low cetane ; Nitrogen oxides ; NOx ; Nucleation ; Particle mass ; Particulate matter ; PCI ; Premixing ; Pressure ; Smoke</subject><ispartof>Fuel (Guildford), 2019-09, Vol.251, p.175-186</ispartof><rights>2019 Elsevier Ltd</rights><rights>Copyright Elsevier BV Sep 1, 2019</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c409t-6769ee1d9c623b195b408e36b29639bbf195aee4d7db7018c83846d7ca8d2f8e3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c409t-6769ee1d9c623b195b408e36b29639bbf195aee4d7db7018c83846d7ca8d2f8e3</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-7207-0134</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,27924,27925</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Zeraati-Rezaei, Soheil</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Al-Qahtani, Yasser</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Herreros, Jose M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ma, Xiao</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Xu, Hongming</creatorcontrib><title>Experimental investigation of particle emissions from a Dieseline fuelled compression ignition engine</title><title>Fuel (Guildford)</title><description>•Dieseline CI combustion was investigated at medium-high engine operating loads.•Particle number and mass emissions were reduced by up to 99.5% compared to diesel.•Low concentration bimodal particle size distributions were observed for Dieseline.•Decrease of accumulation particles was less evident by increasing injection pressure.•With longer ignition-dwell, emissions were more sensitive to fuel injection timing.
Achieving low-smoke and low-NOx premixed compression ignition (PCI) combustion at a wide engine operating load range has been a challenge; especially in multi-cylinder engines running at higher loads for which less data is available in the literature. More specifically, it is of interest to characterise particle emissions under these conditions and identify their possible reduction benefit in different size classes compared to conventional diesel combustion. Mixing diesel with gasoline (Dieseline) as an incentive to reduce fuel reactivity (cetane-number) and consequently improve premixing is believed to be useful for PCI. In this study, the feasibility and benefits of using low cetane-number (<30) and wide boiling range G75-Dieseline (75% gasoline in diesel based on volume) in a production light-duty 4-cylinder CI engine are investigated at medium-high loads of 6, 12 and 17.3 bar BMEP. It was found that G75 combustion resulted in lower particle emissions (both number and mass), by up to 99.5%, while maintaining the same range of efficiency and NOx compared to diesel combustion. Bimodal particle size distributions were observed for both G75 and diesel while concentrations of G75 particles were much lower across the entire diameter range. For G75, increasing the fuel injection pressure decreased particle number concentration (especially in nucleation mode) while particle mass was less affected. At medium loads, because of longer ignition-dwell of G75 compared to diesel, variations of combustion and emission characteristics were more sensitive to injection timing. At high loads, mixing-controlled combustion phase was observed for G75 and highlighted the importance of investigating advanced intake pressure boosting systems and interactions between fuel spray and piston.</description><subject>Cetane number</subject><subject>Combustion</subject><subject>Compression</subject><subject>Diesel</subject><subject>Diesel engines</subject><subject>Dieseline</subject><subject>Emissions</subject><subject>Engine cylinders</subject><subject>Feasibility studies</subject><subject>Fuel injection</subject><subject>Fuel sprays</subject><subject>Gasoline</subject><subject>Ignition</subject><subject>Injection</subject><subject>Injection strategy</subject><subject>Loads (forces)</subject><subject>Low cetane</subject><subject>Nitrogen oxides</subject><subject>NOx</subject><subject>Nucleation</subject><subject>Particle mass</subject><subject>Particulate matter</subject><subject>PCI</subject><subject>Premixing</subject><subject>Pressure</subject><subject>Smoke</subject><issn>0016-2361</issn><issn>1873-7153</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2019</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNp9kEtPwzAQhC0EEqXwBzhZ4pzgR2I7EhdUykOqxAXOluNsKkdJHOy0gn-P23LmtNLom53dQeiWkpwSKu67vN1BnzNCq5zwnHJ1hhZUSZ5JWvJztCCJyhgX9BJdxdgRQqQqiwWC9fcEwQ0wzqbHbtxDnN3WzM6P2Ld4MmF2tgcMg4sxiRG3wQ_Y4CcHEXo3Aj4k99Bg64cpwJHCbju64w4Yt4m5Rhet6SPc_M0l-nxef6xes837y9vqcZPZglRzJqSoAGhTWcF4TauyLogCLmpWCV7VdZskA1A0sqklocoqrgrRSGtUw9pELtHdae8U_NcuvaI7vwtjitSMFQUtqSRlotiJssHHGKDVU2rAhB9NiT7UqTt9eEof6tSE61RnMj2cTJDu3zsIOloHo4XGBbCzbrz7z_4LE2SATw</recordid><startdate>20190901</startdate><enddate>20190901</enddate><creator>Zeraati-Rezaei, Soheil</creator><creator>Al-Qahtani, Yasser</creator><creator>Herreros, Jose M.</creator><creator>Ma, Xiao</creator><creator>Xu, Hongming</creator><general>Elsevier Ltd</general><general>Elsevier BV</general><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7QF</scope><scope>7QO</scope><scope>7QQ</scope><scope>7SC</scope><scope>7SE</scope><scope>7SP</scope><scope>7SR</scope><scope>7T7</scope><scope>7TA</scope><scope>7TB</scope><scope>7U5</scope><scope>8BQ</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>F28</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>H8D</scope><scope>H8G</scope><scope>JG9</scope><scope>JQ2</scope><scope>KR7</scope><scope>L7M</scope><scope>L~C</scope><scope>L~D</scope><scope>P64</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7207-0134</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20190901</creationdate><title>Experimental investigation of particle emissions from a Dieseline fuelled compression ignition engine</title><author>Zeraati-Rezaei, Soheil ; Al-Qahtani, Yasser ; Herreros, Jose M. ; Ma, Xiao ; Xu, Hongming</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c409t-6769ee1d9c623b195b408e36b29639bbf195aee4d7db7018c83846d7ca8d2f8e3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2019</creationdate><topic>Cetane number</topic><topic>Combustion</topic><topic>Compression</topic><topic>Diesel</topic><topic>Diesel engines</topic><topic>Dieseline</topic><topic>Emissions</topic><topic>Engine cylinders</topic><topic>Feasibility studies</topic><topic>Fuel injection</topic><topic>Fuel sprays</topic><topic>Gasoline</topic><topic>Ignition</topic><topic>Injection</topic><topic>Injection strategy</topic><topic>Loads (forces)</topic><topic>Low cetane</topic><topic>Nitrogen oxides</topic><topic>NOx</topic><topic>Nucleation</topic><topic>Particle mass</topic><topic>Particulate matter</topic><topic>PCI</topic><topic>Premixing</topic><topic>Pressure</topic><topic>Smoke</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Zeraati-Rezaei, Soheil</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Al-Qahtani, Yasser</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Herreros, Jose M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ma, Xiao</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Xu, Hongming</creatorcontrib><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Aluminium Industry Abstracts</collection><collection>Biotechnology Research Abstracts</collection><collection>Ceramic Abstracts</collection><collection>Computer and Information Systems Abstracts</collection><collection>Corrosion Abstracts</collection><collection>Electronics & Communications Abstracts</collection><collection>Engineered Materials Abstracts</collection><collection>Industrial and Applied Microbiology Abstracts (Microbiology A)</collection><collection>Materials Business File</collection><collection>Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Solid State and Superconductivity Abstracts</collection><collection>METADEX</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>ANTE: Abstracts in New Technology & Engineering</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Aerospace Database</collection><collection>Copper Technical Reference Library</collection><collection>Materials Research Database</collection><collection>ProQuest Computer Science Collection</collection><collection>Civil Engineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Advanced Technologies Database with Aerospace</collection><collection>Computer and Information Systems Abstracts Academic</collection><collection>Computer and Information Systems Abstracts Professional</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><jtitle>Fuel (Guildford)</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Zeraati-Rezaei, Soheil</au><au>Al-Qahtani, Yasser</au><au>Herreros, Jose M.</au><au>Ma, Xiao</au><au>Xu, Hongming</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Experimental investigation of particle emissions from a Dieseline fuelled compression ignition engine</atitle><jtitle>Fuel (Guildford)</jtitle><date>2019-09-01</date><risdate>2019</risdate><volume>251</volume><spage>175</spage><epage>186</epage><pages>175-186</pages><issn>0016-2361</issn><eissn>1873-7153</eissn><abstract>•Dieseline CI combustion was investigated at medium-high engine operating loads.•Particle number and mass emissions were reduced by up to 99.5% compared to diesel.•Low concentration bimodal particle size distributions were observed for Dieseline.•Decrease of accumulation particles was less evident by increasing injection pressure.•With longer ignition-dwell, emissions were more sensitive to fuel injection timing.
Achieving low-smoke and low-NOx premixed compression ignition (PCI) combustion at a wide engine operating load range has been a challenge; especially in multi-cylinder engines running at higher loads for which less data is available in the literature. More specifically, it is of interest to characterise particle emissions under these conditions and identify their possible reduction benefit in different size classes compared to conventional diesel combustion. Mixing diesel with gasoline (Dieseline) as an incentive to reduce fuel reactivity (cetane-number) and consequently improve premixing is believed to be useful for PCI. In this study, the feasibility and benefits of using low cetane-number (<30) and wide boiling range G75-Dieseline (75% gasoline in diesel based on volume) in a production light-duty 4-cylinder CI engine are investigated at medium-high loads of 6, 12 and 17.3 bar BMEP. It was found that G75 combustion resulted in lower particle emissions (both number and mass), by up to 99.5%, while maintaining the same range of efficiency and NOx compared to diesel combustion. Bimodal particle size distributions were observed for both G75 and diesel while concentrations of G75 particles were much lower across the entire diameter range. For G75, increasing the fuel injection pressure decreased particle number concentration (especially in nucleation mode) while particle mass was less affected. At medium loads, because of longer ignition-dwell of G75 compared to diesel, variations of combustion and emission characteristics were more sensitive to injection timing. At high loads, mixing-controlled combustion phase was observed for G75 and highlighted the importance of investigating advanced intake pressure boosting systems and interactions between fuel spray and piston.</abstract><cop>Kidlington</cop><pub>Elsevier Ltd</pub><doi>10.1016/j.fuel.2019.03.138</doi><tpages>12</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7207-0134</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | Fuel (Guildford), 2019-09, Vol.251, p.175-186 |
| issn | 0016-2361 1873-7153 |
| language | eng |
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| source | ScienceDirect Freedom Collection 2022-2024 |
| subjects | Cetane number Combustion Compression Diesel Diesel engines Dieseline Emissions Engine cylinders Feasibility studies Fuel injection Fuel sprays Gasoline Ignition Injection Injection strategy Loads (forces) Low cetane Nitrogen oxides NOx Nucleation Particle mass Particulate matter PCI Premixing Pressure Smoke |
| title | Experimental investigation of particle emissions from a Dieseline fuelled compression ignition engine |
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