Time-Varying Extinction, Polarization, and Colors of Type Ia Supernovae due to Rotational Disruption of Dust Grains

Photometric and polarimetric observations toward type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) frequently report an unusually low total-to-selective extinction ratio (\(R_{\rm V} < 2\)) and small peak wavelength of polarization (\(\lambda_{\rm max}< 0.4 \mu m\)). Recently, Hoang et al. proposed that the increas...

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Published in:arXiv.org 2019-06
Main Authors: Nguyen Chau Giang, Thiem Hoang, Le Ngoc Tram
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Alignment
Curve fitting
Disruption
Dust
Extinction
Light curve
Photometry
Polarimetry
Polarization
Supernovae
Time dependence
Torque
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Le Ngoc Tram
description Photometric and polarimetric observations toward type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) frequently report an unusually low total-to-selective extinction ratio (\(R_{\rm V} < 2\)) and small peak wavelength of polarization (\(\lambda_{\rm max}< 0.4 \mu m\)). Recently, Hoang et al. proposed that the increase in the abundance of small grains relative to large grains near SNe Ia due to RAdiative Torque Disruption (RATD) can explain this puzzle. To test this scenario, we will perform detailed modeling of dust extinction and polarization of SNe Ia accounting for grain disruption by RATD and grain alignment by RAdiative Torques (RATs). For dust clouds at distance \(d< 4\) pc from the source, we find that \(R_{\rm V}\) decreases rapidly from the standard value of \(3.1\) to \(\sim 1.5\) after a disruption time \(t_{\rm disr}\le 40\) days. We then calculate the observed SNe Ia light curve and find that the colors of SNe Ia would change with time due to time-varying extinction for dust clouds at distance of \(d
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Recently, Hoang et al. proposed that the increase in the abundance of small grains relative to large grains near SNe Ia due to RAdiative Torque Disruption (RATD) can explain this puzzle. To test this scenario, we will perform detailed modeling of dust extinction and polarization of SNe Ia accounting for grain disruption by RATD and grain alignment by RAdiative Torques (RATs). For dust clouds at distance \(d&lt; 4\) pc from the source, we find that \(R_{\rm V}\) decreases rapidly from the standard value of \(3.1\) to \(\sim 1.5\) after a disruption time \(t_{\rm disr}\le 40\) days. We then calculate the observed SNe Ia light curve and find that the colors of SNe Ia would change with time due to time-varying extinction for dust clouds at distance of \(d&lt;4\) pc. We also calculate the wavelength-dependence polarization produced by grains aligned with the magnetic fields by RATs. We find that \( \lambda_{\rm max}\) decreases rapidly from \(\sim 0.55 \mu\)m to \(\sim 0.15 \mu\)m over an alignment time of \(t_{\rm align}&lt; 10\) days due to the enhanced alignment of small grains. By fitting the theoretical polarization curve with the Serkowski law, we find that the parameter \(K\) from the Serkowski law increases when large grains are disrupted by RATD which can explain the \(K\) vs. \(\lambda_{\rm max}\) data observed for SNe Ia. Finally, we discover an anti-correlation between \(K\) and \(R_{\rm V}\) which might already be supported by SNe Ia observational data. 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Recently, Hoang et al. proposed that the increase in the abundance of small grains relative to large grains near SNe Ia due to RAdiative Torque Disruption (RATD) can explain this puzzle. To test this scenario, we will perform detailed modeling of dust extinction and polarization of SNe Ia accounting for grain disruption by RATD and grain alignment by RAdiative Torques (RATs). For dust clouds at distance \(d&lt; 4\) pc from the source, we find that \(R_{\rm V}\) decreases rapidly from the standard value of \(3.1\) to \(\sim 1.5\) after a disruption time \(t_{\rm disr}\le 40\) days. We then calculate the observed SNe Ia light curve and find that the colors of SNe Ia would change with time due to time-varying extinction for dust clouds at distance of \(d&lt;4\) pc. We also calculate the wavelength-dependence polarization produced by grains aligned with the magnetic fields by RATs. 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subjects Alignment
Curve fitting
Disruption
Dust
Extinction
Light curve
Photometry
Polarimetry
Polarization
Supernovae
Time dependence
Torque
title Time-Varying Extinction, Polarization, and Colors of Type Ia Supernovae due to Rotational Disruption of Dust Grains
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