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Cost‐effectiveness of screening for HLA‐B1502 prior to initiation of carbamazepine in epilepsy patients of Asian ancestry in the United States

Objective Carbamazepine, widely used in the treatment of partial and generalized tonic–clonic seizures, has been associated with life‐threatening Stevens‐Johnson syndrome/toxic epidermal necrolysis among some Asians. The HLA‐B*1502 genotype that occurs with varying frequency among Asians is recommen...

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Published in:Epilepsia (Copenhagen) 2019-07, Vol.60 (7), p.1472-1481
Main Authors: Choi, Hyunmi, Mohit, Babak
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Mohit, Babak
description Objective Carbamazepine, widely used in the treatment of partial and generalized tonic–clonic seizures, has been associated with life‐threatening Stevens‐Johnson syndrome/toxic epidermal necrolysis among some Asians. The HLA‐B*1502 genotype that occurs with varying frequency among Asians is recommended for screening prior to starting carbamazepine. Our goal is to explore the cost‐effectiveness of screening for the presence of this genetic allele. Methods We constructed a Markov model in a hypothetical cohort of adult Asian patients with epilepsy in the United States being considered for carbamazepine to investigate the cost‐effectiveness of two alternative strategies: (1) no HLA‐B*1502 gene allele screening and using carbamazepine and (2) HLA‐B*1502 gene allele screening and starting levetiracetam in the case of a positive screen. Results For the lifetime horizon, HLA‐B*1502 gene screening was the cost‐effective choice compared to no gene screening, with an incremental cost‐effectiveness ratio of $27 058 per quality‐adjusted life‐year (QALY), below the $50 000/QALY threshold in 99.69% of probabilistic sensitivity analyses. Although gene screening strategy was more expensive than a no screening strategy, it was more effective, yielding more QALYs, across all Asian ethnic groups. Significance Our analysis confirms the 2007 US Food and Drug Administration recommendation to screen for HLA‐B*1502 allele before starting treatment with carbamazepine in patients of Asian ancestry in the United States.
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The HLA‐B*1502 genotype that occurs with varying frequency among Asians is recommended for screening prior to starting carbamazepine. Our goal is to explore the cost‐effectiveness of screening for the presence of this genetic allele. Methods We constructed a Markov model in a hypothetical cohort of adult Asian patients with epilepsy in the United States being considered for carbamazepine to investigate the cost‐effectiveness of two alternative strategies: (1) no HLA‐B*1502 gene allele screening and using carbamazepine and (2) HLA‐B*1502 gene allele screening and starting levetiracetam in the case of a positive screen. Results For the lifetime horizon, HLA‐B*1502 gene screening was the cost‐effective choice compared to no gene screening, with an incremental cost‐effectiveness ratio of $27 058 per quality‐adjusted life‐year (QALY), below the $50 000/QALY threshold in 99.69% of probabilistic sensitivity analyses. Although gene screening strategy was more expensive than a no screening strategy, it was more effective, yielding more QALYs, across all Asian ethnic groups. 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The HLA‐B*1502 genotype that occurs with varying frequency among Asians is recommended for screening prior to starting carbamazepine. Our goal is to explore the cost‐effectiveness of screening for the presence of this genetic allele. Methods We constructed a Markov model in a hypothetical cohort of adult Asian patients with epilepsy in the United States being considered for carbamazepine to investigate the cost‐effectiveness of two alternative strategies: (1) no HLA‐B*1502 gene allele screening and using carbamazepine and (2) HLA‐B*1502 gene allele screening and starting levetiracetam in the case of a positive screen. Results For the lifetime horizon, HLA‐B*1502 gene screening was the cost‐effective choice compared to no gene screening, with an incremental cost‐effectiveness ratio of $27 058 per quality‐adjusted life‐year (QALY), below the $50 000/QALY threshold in 99.69% of probabilistic sensitivity analyses. Although gene screening strategy was more expensive than a no screening strategy, it was more effective, yielding more QALYs, across all Asian ethnic groups. Significance Our analysis confirms the 2007 US Food and Drug Administration recommendation to screen for HLA‐B*1502 allele before starting treatment with carbamazepine in patients of Asian ancestry in the United States.</description><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Alleles</subject><subject>Anticonvulsants - adverse effects</subject><subject>Anticonvulsants - economics</subject><subject>Anticonvulsants - therapeutic use</subject><subject>Asian Continental Ancestry Group - genetics</subject><subject>Asian Continental Ancestry Group - statistics &amp; numerical data</subject><subject>Asian people</subject><subject>Carbamazepine</subject><subject>Carbamazepine - adverse effects</subject><subject>Carbamazepine - economics</subject><subject>Carbamazepine - therapeutic use</subject><subject>cost</subject><subject>Cost-Benefit Analysis</subject><subject>cost‐effectiveness</subject><subject>Epilepsy</subject><subject>Epilepsy - drug therapy</subject><subject>Epilepsy - economics</subject><subject>Epilepsy - genetics</subject><subject>Etiracetam</subject><subject>Genetic Predisposition to Disease - genetics</subject><subject>genetic screening</subject><subject>Genetic Testing - economics</subject><subject>Genotype</subject><subject>Genotypes</subject><subject>Health Care Costs</subject><subject>Histocompatibility antigen HLA</subject><subject>HLA-B15 Antigen - genetics</subject><subject>HLA‐B1502</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Markov Chains</subject><subject>Markov model</subject><subject>Minority &amp; ethnic groups</subject><subject>pharmacovigilance</subject><subject>public health</subject><subject>QALY</subject><subject>Quality-Adjusted Life Years</subject><subject>Seizures</subject><subject>Sensitivity analysis</subject><subject>Skin diseases</subject><subject>Stevens-Johnson Syndrome - economics</subject><subject>Stevens-Johnson Syndrome - genetics</subject><subject>Stevens‐Johnson syndrome</subject><subject>Toxic epidermal necrolysis</subject><subject>United States</subject><issn>0013-9580</issn><issn>1528-1167</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2019</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNp1kMtOGzEUhq2qqITLgheoLLHqYuDYHnsmyxCFixSpSMB65PEcUyPiGWwHlK54BMQj9knqJJRdvbFlf_7OOT8hRwxOWF6nOLgTpkCKL2TEJK8LxlT1lYwAmCjGsoZdshfjAwBUqhLfyK5gTNYC1Ii8T_uY_ry-obVokntGjzHS3tJoAqJ3_p7aPtDL-SRDZ0wCp0Nw-Sb11HmXnE6u9-sPRodWL_Tv3IzH_Ebz4RGHuKJDZtCnjXYSnfZUe4MxhdUaS7-Q3mUTdvQm6YTxgOxY_Rjx8GPfJ3fns9vpZTH_eXE1ncwLI6QQBat4qaVoTT2u285iJztQQo-hrisOtlJGK254bUQJWpQVcAnKjFVrS8U1L8U-Od56h9A_LXM_zUO_DD6XbDiXHEqADfVjS5nQxxjQNnn-hQ6rhkGzTr_Jczab9DP7_cO4bBfYfZL_4s7A6RZ4ydGs_m9qZtdXW-VfkpGQUA</recordid><startdate>201907</startdate><enddate>201907</enddate><creator>Choi, Hyunmi</creator><creator>Mohit, Babak</creator><general>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7TK</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6059-6681</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>201907</creationdate><title>Cost‐effectiveness of screening for HLA‐B1502 prior to initiation of carbamazepine in epilepsy patients of Asian ancestry in the United States</title><author>Choi, Hyunmi ; Mohit, Babak</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c3533-1724a53bc898bdfed5d063a9088720f76ca62c28c340a34702506c96bf462a243</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2019</creationdate><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Alleles</topic><topic>Anticonvulsants - adverse effects</topic><topic>Anticonvulsants - economics</topic><topic>Anticonvulsants - therapeutic use</topic><topic>Asian Continental Ancestry Group - genetics</topic><topic>Asian Continental Ancestry Group - statistics &amp; numerical data</topic><topic>Asian people</topic><topic>Carbamazepine</topic><topic>Carbamazepine - adverse effects</topic><topic>Carbamazepine - economics</topic><topic>Carbamazepine - therapeutic use</topic><topic>cost</topic><topic>Cost-Benefit Analysis</topic><topic>cost‐effectiveness</topic><topic>Epilepsy</topic><topic>Epilepsy - drug therapy</topic><topic>Epilepsy - economics</topic><topic>Epilepsy - genetics</topic><topic>Etiracetam</topic><topic>Genetic Predisposition to Disease - genetics</topic><topic>genetic screening</topic><topic>Genetic Testing - economics</topic><topic>Genotype</topic><topic>Genotypes</topic><topic>Health Care Costs</topic><topic>Histocompatibility antigen HLA</topic><topic>HLA-B15 Antigen - genetics</topic><topic>HLA‐B1502</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Markov Chains</topic><topic>Markov model</topic><topic>Minority &amp; ethnic groups</topic><topic>pharmacovigilance</topic><topic>public health</topic><topic>QALY</topic><topic>Quality-Adjusted Life Years</topic><topic>Seizures</topic><topic>Sensitivity analysis</topic><topic>Skin diseases</topic><topic>Stevens-Johnson Syndrome - economics</topic><topic>Stevens-Johnson Syndrome - genetics</topic><topic>Stevens‐Johnson syndrome</topic><topic>Toxic epidermal necrolysis</topic><topic>United States</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Choi, Hyunmi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mohit, Babak</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Neurosciences Abstracts</collection><jtitle>Epilepsia (Copenhagen)</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Choi, Hyunmi</au><au>Mohit, Babak</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Cost‐effectiveness of screening for HLA‐B1502 prior to initiation of carbamazepine in epilepsy patients of Asian ancestry in the United States</atitle><jtitle>Epilepsia (Copenhagen)</jtitle><addtitle>Epilepsia</addtitle><date>2019-07</date><risdate>2019</risdate><volume>60</volume><issue>7</issue><spage>1472</spage><epage>1481</epage><pages>1472-1481</pages><issn>0013-9580</issn><eissn>1528-1167</eissn><abstract>Objective Carbamazepine, widely used in the treatment of partial and generalized tonic–clonic seizures, has been associated with life‐threatening Stevens‐Johnson syndrome/toxic epidermal necrolysis among some Asians. The HLA‐B*1502 genotype that occurs with varying frequency among Asians is recommended for screening prior to starting carbamazepine. Our goal is to explore the cost‐effectiveness of screening for the presence of this genetic allele. Methods We constructed a Markov model in a hypothetical cohort of adult Asian patients with epilepsy in the United States being considered for carbamazepine to investigate the cost‐effectiveness of two alternative strategies: (1) no HLA‐B*1502 gene allele screening and using carbamazepine and (2) HLA‐B*1502 gene allele screening and starting levetiracetam in the case of a positive screen. Results For the lifetime horizon, HLA‐B*1502 gene screening was the cost‐effective choice compared to no gene screening, with an incremental cost‐effectiveness ratio of $27 058 per quality‐adjusted life‐year (QALY), below the $50 000/QALY threshold in 99.69% of probabilistic sensitivity analyses. Although gene screening strategy was more expensive than a no screening strategy, it was more effective, yielding more QALYs, across all Asian ethnic groups. Significance Our analysis confirms the 2007 US Food and Drug Administration recommendation to screen for HLA‐B*1502 allele before starting treatment with carbamazepine in patients of Asian ancestry in the United States.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc</pub><pmid>31158306</pmid><doi>10.1111/epi.16053</doi><tpages>10</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6059-6681</orcidid></addata></record>
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source Wiley-Blackwell Read & Publish Collection
subjects Adult
Alleles
Anticonvulsants - adverse effects
Anticonvulsants - economics
Anticonvulsants - therapeutic use
Asian Continental Ancestry Group - genetics
Asian Continental Ancestry Group - statistics & numerical data
Asian people
Carbamazepine
Carbamazepine - adverse effects
Carbamazepine - economics
Carbamazepine - therapeutic use
cost
Cost-Benefit Analysis
cost‐effectiveness
Epilepsy
Epilepsy - drug therapy
Epilepsy - economics
Epilepsy - genetics
Etiracetam
Genetic Predisposition to Disease - genetics
genetic screening
Genetic Testing - economics
Genotype
Genotypes
Health Care Costs
Histocompatibility antigen HLA
HLA-B15 Antigen - genetics
HLA‐B1502
Humans
Markov Chains
Markov model
Minority & ethnic groups
pharmacovigilance
public health
QALY
Quality-Adjusted Life Years
Seizures
Sensitivity analysis
Skin diseases
Stevens-Johnson Syndrome - economics
Stevens-Johnson Syndrome - genetics
Stevens‐Johnson syndrome
Toxic epidermal necrolysis
United States
title Cost‐effectiveness of screening for HLA‐B1502 prior to initiation of carbamazepine in epilepsy patients of Asian ancestry in the United States
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