Phylogenetic reconstruction of key traits in the evolution of ivies (Hedera L.)

The Mediterranean harbours the highest number of Hedera (Araliaceae) species, lineages, ploidy levels, and trichome morphologies of any area where the genus occurs. Previous molecular and cytogenetic studies identified two main centres of diversity for Hedera (Araliaceae), the eastern and western pa...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Plant systematics and evolution 2013-02, Vol.299 (2), p.447-458
Main Authors: Valcárcel, Virginia, Vargas, Pablo
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Araliaceae
Biological taxonomies
Biomedical and Life Sciences
center of diversity
Colonization
Cytogenetics
Diploidy
Evolution
Geography
Haplotypes
Hedera
Ivy
Life Sciences
Morphology
Original Article
Phylogenetics
Phylogeny
Plant Anatomy/Development
Plant Ecology
Plant Sciences
Plant Systematics/Taxonomy/Biogeography
Ploidies
Ploidy
Polyploidy
Reconstruction
Species
Trichomes
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Summary:The Mediterranean harbours the highest number of Hedera (Araliaceae) species, lineages, ploidy levels, and trichome morphologies of any area where the genus occurs. Previous molecular and cytogenetic studies identified two main centres of diversity for Hedera (Araliaceae), the eastern and western parts of the Mediterranean region. An explicit analysis of key traits was performed to investigate geographical patterns and ancestral character states of ivy lineages. Interestingly, the greatest diversity of Hedera was found in the western Mediterranean, including the three species of Macaronesia (H. azorica in the Azores, H. maderensis in Madeira and H. canariensis in the Canary Islands). Phylogenetic and phylogeographical analyses of the nrITS and plastid trnT-L sequences revealed multiple connections between the Mediterranean region and Asia, and suggest recurrent colonization between these two areas. Reconstruction of three important characters long used to distinguish members of the genus (trichome types, ploidy levels, and geographical areas) suggests that a diploid species with scale-like trichomes from the Mediterranean basin was the most recent common ancestor of the extant species of Hedera.
ISSN:0378-2697
1615-6110
2199-6881
DOI:10.1007/s00606-012-0734-1