Preparation and characterization of thermally stable cellulose nanocrystals via a sustainable approach of FeCl3-catalyzed formic acid hydrolysis

Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) can be used as building blocks for the production of many renewable and sustainable nanomaterials. In this work, CNCs were produced from bleached eucalyptus kraft pulp with a high yield over 75 % via FeCl 3 -catalyzed formic acid (FA) hydrolysis process. It was found th...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Cellulose (London) 2016-08, Vol.23 (4), p.2389-2407
Main Authors: Du, Haishun, Liu, Chao, Mu, Xindong, Gong, Wenbo, Lv, Dong, Hong, Yimei, Si, Chuanling, Li, Bin
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Bioorganic Chemistry
Bleaching
Cellulose
Ceramics
Chemistry
Chemistry and Materials Science
Composites
Economic conditions
Eucalyptus
Ferric chloride
Ferric hydroxide
Formic acid
Glass
Hydrolysis
Iron chlorides
Kraft pulp
Nanocrystals
Nanomaterials
Natural Materials
Organic Chemistry
Original Paper
Physical Chemistry
Polymer Sciences
Stability analysis
Sulfuric acid
Sustainable Development
Thermal stability
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Summary:Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) can be used as building blocks for the production of many renewable and sustainable nanomaterials. In this work, CNCs were produced from bleached eucalyptus kraft pulp with a high yield over 75 % via FeCl 3 -catalyzed formic acid (FA) hydrolysis process. It was found that the particle size of resultant CNC products (F-CNC) decreased with the increase of FeCl 3 dosage in FA hydrolysis, and a maximum crystallinity index of about 75 % could be achieved when the dose of FeCl 3 was 0.015 M (i.e. about 7 % based on the weight of starting material). Thermogravimetric analyses revealed that F-CNC exhibited a much higher thermal stability (the decomposition temperature was over 260 °C) than S-CNC prepared by typical sulfuric acid hydrolysis. In the FeCl 3 -catalyzed FA hydrolysis process, FA could be easily recovered and reused, and FeCl 3 could be transferred to Fe(OH) 3 as a high value-added product. Thus, the FeCl 3 -catalyzed FA hydrolysis process could be sustainable and economically feasible. In addition, F-CNC could be well dispersed in DMSO and its dispersibility in water could be improved by a cationic surface modification.
ISSN:0969-0239
1572-882X
DOI:10.1007/s10570-016-0963-5