The features of nitric acid ‘mercerization’ of cellulose

Transformation of native cellulose species into cellulose-II polymorph through the additive Knecht compound formed under the action of 68.5% nitric acid has been studied. Probable causes of peculiar temperature effects in the course of phase transformations taking place in cellulose of various origi...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Cellulose (London) 2000-03, Vol.7 (1), p.57-66
Main Authors: Gert, E V, A Socarras Morales, Zubets, O V, Kaputskii, F N
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Cellulose
Crystalline cellulose
Crystallites
Esterification
Mercerization
Nitration
Nitric acid
Phase transitions
Temperature effects
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Summary:Transformation of native cellulose species into cellulose-II polymorph through the additive Knecht compound formed under the action of 68.5% nitric acid has been studied. Probable causes of peculiar temperature effects in the course of phase transformations taking place in cellulose of various origin, crystallite dispersity, or morphologic structure are discussed. The processes of hydrolytic destruction and esterification of starting materials during their ‘mercerization’ by this non-traditional agent at 20 °C and 0 °C are quantitatively characterized. In the case of mercerization of wood microcrystalline cellulose at 20 °C a decrystallizing effect due to side reactions of partial nitration is noted.
ISSN:0969-0239
1572-882X
DOI:10.1023/A:1009206113613