Facile and Scalable Synthesis of Ultrafine MnCo2O4 Nanoparticles Via Mechanical Alloying as Supercapacitive Materials

• Published in: JOM (1989) 2019-07, Vol.71 (7), p.2396-2404
• Main Authors: Ghaffari Adli, Reza, Kianvash, Abbas, Hosseini, Mir Ghasem, Hajalilou, Abdollah, Abouzari-Lotf, Ebrahim
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Capacitance; Carbon; Charge transfer; Chemistry/Food Science; Crystallites; Earth Sciences; Efficiency; Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy; Electrodes; Engineering; Environment; Field emission microscopy; Fourier transforms; Graphene; Graphite; Infrared spectra; Mechanical alloying; Metal oxides; Morphology; Nanoalloys; Nanoparticles; Physics; Powder metallurgy; Scanning electron microscopy; Stability analysis; Technical Article; Ultrafines; Voltammetry; X-ray diffraction
• ISSN: 1047-4838; 1543-1851
• DOI: 10.1007/s11837-019-03486-9

The possibility of synthesizing MnCo 2 O 4 nanoparticles from MnCl 2 ·4H 2 O and CoCl 2 ·6H 2 O via mechanical alloying was investigated and sampled after 1, 2, 3, and 4 h of milling. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis showed that the initial materials were changed to MnCo 2 O 4 after 1 h of milling and calcination. The broadening of the XRD lines showed that MnCo 2 O 4 crystallites were on the order of nanometers. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy spectra of the MnCo 2 O 4 samples indicated the cation distribution of Co-O (~ 567 cm −1 ) and Mn-O (~ 665 cm −1 ) in octahedral and tetrahedral sites, respectively. The morphology of the samples is spherical, according to field emission scanning electron microscopy results. Electrochemical measurements, including cyclic voltammetry, galvanostatic charge-discharge, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, were performed to evaluate specific capacitance, cyclic stability, and charge transfer resistance, respectively. The highest capacitance of about 546 F/g and efficiency of 103% were obtained for the 3-h-milled MnCo 2 O 4 sample.