Enhancing the dispersion and adhesion of short aramid fibers in bromo‐isobutylene‐isoprene rubber using maleated polybutadiene resin via co‐vulcanization with 4, 4’ bis(maleimido)diphenylmethane

Composites based on brominated isobutylene‐isoprene rubber (BIIR) and 5‐mm short aramid fiber were prepared by varying the fiber content from 1 to 10 phr using 4, 4’ bismaleimido diphenyl methane (BMDM) and zinc oxide as the vulcanizing agent. Morphological analysis revealed that the fiber dispersio...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Polymer composites 2019-08, Vol.40 (8), p.2993-3004
Main Authors: Gopi Sathi, Shibulal, Kim, Hakhyun, Seong, Yoonjae, Kang, Gilyang, Nah, Changwoon
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Aramid fiber reinforced plastics
Bromination
Chemical industry
Crosslinking
Diphenyl methane
Dispersion
Elongation
Fiber-matrix adhesion
Fibrillation
Isoprene rubber
Maleic anhydride
Polybutadiene
Polymer matrix composites
Polymers
Resins
Skeletal composites
Tensile deformation
Vulcanization
Zinc oxide
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Summary:Composites based on brominated isobutylene‐isoprene rubber (BIIR) and 5‐mm short aramid fiber were prepared by varying the fiber content from 1 to 10 phr using 4, 4’ bismaleimido diphenyl methane (BMDM) and zinc oxide as the vulcanizing agent. Morphological analysis revealed that the fiber dispersion becomes inferior even at 5 phr loading due to fibrillation during mixing. As a result, the 10 phr fiber‐filled composite showed a brittle failure under a tensile deformation. To solve this problem, maleic anhydride‐grafted polybutadiene (MA‐g‐PB) resin was treated with the aramid fibers in the 1:1 ratio prior to mixing with the rubber matrix. Excellent fiber dispersion could be seen in both the visual image of the molded sheet and the scanning electron microscope image of the fractured surface. The stress–strain curve of the 10 phr fiber‐filled composite after the resin treatment showed a tough deformation behavior with a breaking elongation >100% indicating an enhanced fiber‐matrix adhesion. From the vulcanization studies of the fiber‐filled BIIR before and after the MA‐g‐PB resin treatment, it has been identified that a co‐crosslinking reaction between the MA‐g‐PB‐treated fiber and the BIIR matrix with BMDM via Alder‐ene and Diels‐Alder reactions is responsible for the enhanced fiber–matrix adhesion. POLYM. COMPOS., 40:2993–3004, 2019. © 2018 Society of Plastics Engineers
ISSN:0272-8397
1548-0569
DOI:10.1002/pc.25141