Sulfonated Kraft lignin addition in urea-formaldehyde resin

Urea-formaldehyde (UF) resins are widely used over the world as an adhesive, principally in the civil construction, but its use leads to formaldehyde emissions when exposed to higher temperatures. In this way, the aim of this study was to evaluate the partial replacement of adhesives made of UF resi...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of thermal analysis and calorimetry 2019-09, Vol.137 (5), p.1537-1547
Main Authors: Natarelli, Caio Vinicius Lima, Lemos, Ana Carolina Cortez, de Assis, Maíra Reis, Tonoli, Gustavo Henrique Denzin, Trugilho, Paulo Fernando, Marconcini, José Manoel, de Oliveira, Juliano Elvis
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adhesion tests
Adhesives
Aldehydes
Analysis
Emissions control
Formaldehyde
Lignin
Stability analysis
Thermal degradation
Thermal stability
Thermodynamic properties
Thermogravimetric analysis
Urea
Urea formaldehyde resins
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Summary:Urea-formaldehyde (UF) resins are widely used over the world as an adhesive, principally in the civil construction, but its use leads to formaldehyde emissions when exposed to higher temperatures. In this way, the aim of this study was to evaluate the partial replacement of adhesives made of UF resin by sulfonated Kraft lignin, up to 30 mass%, and study its effects on the mechanism and on the kinetic/thermodynamic parameters of the thermal degradation, as well as on the thermal stability of the UF resin through thermogravimetric analysis and using isoconversional methods. The results showed that the lignin addition to the UF resin was beneficial, as there was synergy between the materials and verification of enhancement of thermal stability. Aside from the changes in the thermal behavior, the probable reduction of the emission of formaldehyde in the second step of degradation of the UF resin was also observed. These results indicate that the lignin can be used as a potential material to partially replace the UF resin.
ISSN:1388-6150
1588-2926
DOI:10.1007/s10973-019-08075-1