High performance of a carbon monoxide sensor based on a Pd-doped graphene-tin oxide nanostructure composite

The polyol method has been employed to fabricate a palladium-doped graphene-tin oxide composite as a highly sensitive and selective carbon monoxide gas sensor. The ratio of graphene-SnO 2 which is used in this research is 1:1, while the concentration of Pd doping is varied at 0.1%, 0.5%, and 1%. X-r...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Ionics 2019-09, Vol.25 (9), p.4459-4468
Main Authors: Debataraja, Aminuddin, Septiani, Ni Luh Wulan, Yuliarto, Brian, Nugraha, Sunendar, Bambang, Abdullah, Huda
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Aluminum oxide
Carbon monoxide
Chemistry
Chemistry and Materials Science
Condensed Matter Physics
Doping
Electrochemistry
Electron microscopes
Energy Storage
Gas sensors
Graphene
Morphology
Optical and Electronic Materials
Original Paper
Palladium
Renewable and Green Energy
Selectivity
Sensors
Spin coating
Substrates
Tin dioxide
Tin oxides
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Summary:The polyol method has been employed to fabricate a palladium-doped graphene-tin oxide composite as a highly sensitive and selective carbon monoxide gas sensor. The ratio of graphene-SnO 2 which is used in this research is 1:1, while the concentration of Pd doping is varied at 0.1%, 0.5%, and 1%. X-ray diffractometry (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), and transmission electron microscope (TEM) have been used to analyze crystallinity and morphology of all samples. Thick-film Pd-doped graphene-SnO 2 has been fabricated using the spin-coating method on an alumina substrate. Investigation of the effect of Pd doping on a 30-ppm CO sensor shows increasing response from 88.11 to 92.99% after adding 0.1% Pd at a working temperature of 150 °C. At 50 °C, responses of the composite graphene-SnO 2 with 0.1%, 0.5%, and 1% Pd are 19.32%, 32.00%, and 24%, respectively. While at 250 °C, sensor responses of graphene-SnO 2 composites with 0.1%, 0.5%, and 1% Pd are 99.89%, 92.93%, and 75.06%, respectively. Among the samples, the 0.1% Pd-doped graphene-SnO 2 composite shows the highest response; as a result, 0.1% Pd becomes the optimum concentration of Pd doping. Moreover, the 0.1% Pd-doped graphene-SnO 2 composite shows good sensor sensitivity at 1.73%/ppm and great selectivity toward CO gas.
ISSN:0947-7047
1862-0760
DOI:10.1007/s11581-019-02967-w