Design for additive manufacturing: cellular structures in early-stage aerospace design

• Published in: Structural and multidisciplinary optimization 2019-08, Vol.60 (2), p.411-428
• Main Authors: Opgenoord, Max M. J., Willcox, Karen E.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Additive manufacturing; Aerospace engineering; Aircraft design; Cellular manufacture; Cellular structure; Computational Mathematics and Numerical Analysis; Design engineering; Design for manufacturability; Engineering; Engineering Design; Meshing; Product design; Research Paper; Struts; Theoretical and Applied Mechanics; Topology
• ISSN: 1615-147X; 1615-1488
• DOI: 10.1007/s00158-019-02305-8

The immense design freedom offered by additive manufacturing yields tremendous benefits, but it also raises the question of how to best go about designing components to exploit this design freedom. In early design phases, design tools need to utilize this freedom, but do so with low computational cost and with a good estimate of the final weight to correctly assess the part’s influence on the overall product design. This is especially important for aerospace designs. In this paper, a design methodology is devised for cellular structures to be manufactured using additive manufacturing techniques, specifically for such early design phases. This design methodology uses adaptive meshing techniques to design the topology of the cellular structure, after which the struts of that cellular structure are optimized separately to reduce the dimensionality of the problem. The method is demonstrated for a small generic bracket and an aircraft bracket design from the literature. For these problems, our method is fast enough to evaluate many thousands of design options. This results in identifying promising candidate designs for further detailed design work.