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Isobutene from Ethanol: Describing the Synergy between In2O3 and m‐ZrO2
The performances of In2O3/ZrO2, ZrO2 and In2O3 were evaluated in the synthesis of isobutene from ethanol in one‐step. These catalysts were characterized by XRD, EPR, TPD‐H2O, TPD‐NH3, TPD‐ethanol and pyridine adsorption. The In2O3/ZrO2 catalyst is a promising catalytic system for the synthesis of is...
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Published in: | ChemCatChem 2019-08, Vol.11 (16), p.4011-4020 |
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Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | Get full text |
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Summary: | The performances of In2O3/ZrO2, ZrO2 and In2O3 were evaluated in the synthesis of isobutene from ethanol in one‐step. These catalysts were characterized by XRD, EPR, TPD‐H2O, TPD‐NH3, TPD‐ethanol and pyridine adsorption. The In2O3/ZrO2 catalyst is a promising catalytic system for the synthesis of isobutene from ethanol. The catalytic tests showed that acetone, hydrogen and carbon dioxide are the main co‐products of this synthesis. The In2O3/ZrO2 catalyst can promote the synthesis of isobutene due to the inter‐diffusion process between In2O3 and ZrO2. This phenomenon generates, among others, the Zr insertion and a high concentration of anionic vacancies in the In2O3 lattice. This increases the In2O3/ZrO2 redox properties leading to a high activity of this catalyst for the acetone generation, a key intermediate of the isobutene synthesis. These changes also promote the acid and basic properties of In2O3/ZrO2, which are in charge of the acetaldehyde synthesis, acetone condensation and, finally, dehydration of the intermediates of the isobutene synthesis.
Redox to the max: The In2O3/ZrO2 catalyst is a promising system for the isobutene synthesis from ethanol due to the inter‐diffusion process between these oxides, which generates a high concentration of anionic vacancies in the In2O3 lattice. This increases the In2O3/ZrO2 redox properties leading to a high activity of this catalyst for the acetone generation, a key intermediate of this synthesis. The In2O3−ZrO2 interaction also promotes the In2O3/ZrO2 acid and basic properties which are in charge of many steps of this cascade reaction. |
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ISSN: | 1867-3880 1867-3899 |
DOI: | 10.1002/cctc.201900633 |