Flax and echium affect the rumen lipidome and microbiome

Developing novel strategies for improving the fatty acid composition of ruminant products relies upon increasing our understanding of rumen bacterial lipid metabolism. This study investigated whether flax or echium oil supplementation of steer diets could alter the rumen fatty acids and change the m...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Microbial biotechnology 2015-03, Vol.8 (2), p.331-341
Main Authors: Huws, Sharon Ann, Kim, Eun Jun, Cameron, Simon J S, Girdwood, Susan E, Davies, Lynfa, Tweed, John, Vallin, Hannah, Scollan, Nigel David
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Abundance
Bacteria
Deoxyribonucleic acid
Diet
Dietary supplements
DNA
Dry matter
Drying oils
Echium oil
Exports
Fatty acid composition
Fatty acids
Feeding
Flax
Genetic testing
Grass silage
Hypotheses
Lipid metabolism
Lipids
Microbiomes
Microbiota
Milk
Nitrogen
Oils & fats
Polyunsaturated fatty acids
Pulp
Quality
rRNA 16S
Rumen
Silage
Statistical analysis
Taxonomy
Variance analysis
Vegetable oils
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Summary:Developing novel strategies for improving the fatty acid composition of ruminant products relies upon increasing our understanding of rumen bacterial lipid metabolism. This study investigated whether flax or echium oil supplementation of steer diets could alter the rumen fatty acids and change the microbiome. Six Hereford × Friesian steers were offered grass silage/sugar beet pulp only (GS), or GS supplemented either with flax oil (GSF) or echium oil (GSE) at 3% kg−1 silage dry matter in a 3 × 3 replicated Latin square design with 21‐day periods with rumen samples taken on day 21 for the analyses of the fatty acids and microbiome. Flax oil supplementation of steer diets increased the intake of polyunsaturated fatty acids, but a substantial degree of rumen biohydrogenation was seen. Likewise, echium oil supplementation of steer diets resulted in increased intake of 18:4n‐3, but this was substantially biohydrogenated within the rumen. Microbiome pyrosequences showed that 50% of the bacterial genera were core to all diets (found at least once under each dietary intervention), with 19.10%, 5.460% and 12.02% being unique to the rumen microbiota of steers fed GS, GSF and GSE respectively. Higher 16S rDNA sequence abundance of the genera Butyrivibrio, Howardella, Oribacterium, Pseudobutyrivibrio and Roseburia was seen post flax feeding. Higher 16S rDNA abundance of the genus Succinovibrio and Roseburia was seen post echium feeding. The role of these bacteria in biohydrogenation now requires further study.
ISSN:1751-7915
DOI:10.1111/1751-7915.12164