Involvement of the long noncoding RNA NEAT 1 in carcinogenesis

Altered expression levels of the long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) nuclear‐enriched abundant transcript 1 (NEAT1) have been reported in different types of cancer. More than half of the NEAT1 studies in cancer have been published within the last 2 years. In this review, we discuss very recent developments...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Molecular oncology 2019-01, Vol.13 (1), p.46-60
Main Authors: Klec, Christiane, Prinz, Felix, Pichler, Martin
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Binding sites
Cancer
Carcinogenesis
Cytoplasm
Exports
Gene expression
Genomes
Hypotheses
Investigations
MicroRNAs
Microscopy
miRNA
Proteins
Therapeutic applications
Transcription
Tumorigenesis
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Summary:Altered expression levels of the long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) nuclear‐enriched abundant transcript 1 (NEAT1) have been reported in different types of cancer. More than half of the NEAT1 studies in cancer have been published within the last 2 years. In this review, we discuss very recent developments and insights into NEAT1 contribution to carcinogenesis. Summarizing the literature, it becomes obvious that NEAT1 is a lncRNA highly de‐/upregulated in a variety of cancer entities, in which it primarily acts as a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) which sponges tumor‐suppressive microRNA (miRNA). The sponged miRNA lose their ability to degrade, silence, or hamper translation of their downstream—mostly oncogenic—target transcripts, ultimately promoting carcinogenesis. This role of NEAT1 function in tumorigenesis suggests it may be a prognostic biomarker as well as potential therapeutic target, pending the completion of further studies into the underlying mechanisms.
ISSN:1574-7891
1878-0261
DOI:10.1002/1878-0261.12404