Modified DHAP regimen in the salvage treatment of refractory or relapsed lymphomas

• Published in: Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology 2019-12, Vol.145 (12), p.3067-3073
• Main Authors: Kroschinsky, Frank, Röllig, Denise, Riemer, Barbara, Kramer, Michael, Ordemann, Rainer, Schetelig, Johannes, Bornhäuser, Martin, Ehninger, Gerhard, Hänel, Mathias
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Autografts; B-cell lymphoma; Cancer Research; Cisplatin; Cytarabine; Dexamethasone; Hematology; Internal Medicine; Lymphocytes B; Lymphocytes T; Lymphoma; Medicine; Medicine & Public Health; Myelosuppression; Neutropenia; Oncology; Original Article – Clinical Oncology; Stem cell transplantation; Toxicity
• ISSN: 0171-5216; 1432-1335
• DOI: 10.1007/s00432-019-03027-6

Background The combination of dexamethasone, high-dose cytarabine, and cisplatin (DHAP) is an established salvage regimen for lymphoma patients. We hypothesized that a modified administration schedule for cisplatin and cytarabine results in lower toxicity and improved efficacy. Methods We retrospectively analysed 119 patients with relapsed or refractory, aggressive, or indolent B-cell lymphomas, mantle-cell lymphomas, peripheral T-cell lymphomas, or Hodgkin’s lymphomas who were treated with the modified DHAP (mDHAP) regimen (dexamethasone 40 mg 15 min-i.v. infusion, days 1–4; cytarabine 2 × 0.5 g/m 2 1 h-i.v. infusion, days 1–4; cisplatin 25 mg/m 2 24 h-i.v. infusion, days 1–4). Responding and eligible patients underwent stem-cell transplantation. Results In total, 185 treatment cycles were evaluable. Severe myelosuppression was the main toxicity occurring in 90% of the cycles. Febrile neutropenia or documented infection was found in less than 40%. Two patients died related to treatment (TRM, 1.7%). Nephrotoxicity did not exceed CTC grade 3, which occurred in four cycles only (2.2%). Complete (CR) or partial (PR) responses after mDHAP were documented in 16% and 39% (overall response rate 55%). Harvest of autologous stem cells was successful in 94 (79%) patients and 85 patients (71%) proceeded to stem-cell transplantation. The median overall and progression-free survival was 50.8 and 25.8 months. Conclusions An improvement in efficacy could not be observed after modified DHAP regimen; however, manageable toxicity and reduced renal complications suggest further investigation. The study, however, also underlines the need for new concepts in the management of advanced and high-risk lymphomas.