Associations between tree nut consumption and diet quality in the UK adult population based on National Diet and Nutrition Survey (NDNS) rolling programme 2008–2014

• Published in: Proceedings of the Nutrition Society 2017, Vol.76 (OCE4), Article E161
• Main Authors: Dikariyanto, V., Hall, W.L., Berry, S.E.E., Pot, G.K.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Alcoholic beverages; Beverages; Bread; Breakfast cereals; Breakfast foods; Cakes; Cereals; Cheese; Coffee; Consumers; Consumption; Diet; Energy intake; Food; Fruits; Hypotheses; Low calorie; Nutrition; Nutrition surveys; Potatoes; Principal components analysis; Public health; Quality; Regression analysis; Regression models; Smoking; Snack foods; Socioeconomics; Soft drinks; Vegetables; Yogurt
• ISSN: 0029-6651; 1475-2719
• DOI: 10.1017/S0029665117003238

To estimate diet quality, two different approaches were used: 1) a data-driven approach with principle component analysis (PCA) using 59 food items, 2) a hypothesis-driven approach with 3 existing diet quality scores (Mediterranean Diet Score (MDS; potential score range 0–9)(3), modified Healthy Diet Score (modified HDS; potential score range 0–14)(4) and Eating Choices Index (ECI; potential score range 4–20))(5). Multivariate linear regression models were used to investigate associations between tree nut consumption and diet quality taking into account covariates for age, sex, ethnicity, socio-economic status, smoking status, alcohol intake and energy intake. Tree nut snack consumers, n = 416 Tree nut snack non-consumers, n = 2955 Component 1 + Fruit + White bread + Other potatoes, potato salad and dishes + Soft drinks not low calorie + Tea, coffee and water − Fruit + Vegetables not raw + Chips, fried and roast potatoes and potato products + Buns, cakes, pastries and fruit pies + Crisps and savoury snacks + Yogurt, fromage frais and dairy dessert − High fibre breakfast cereals + Salad and other raw vegetables − Wholemeal bread + High fibre breakfast cereals − Oily fish + Cheese − Tea, coffee and water (4·3 % of variation explained) + Burgers and kebabs + Coated, chicken and turkey − Yogurt, fromage frais and dairy dessert (5·0 % of variation explained) Included items had factor loadings >0·3. + shows a positive association, – shows a negative association.