Intrusion Detection in Distributed Frequency Control of Isolated Microgrids

• Published in: IEEE transactions on smart grid 2019-11, Vol.10 (6), p.6502-6515
• Main Authors: Lu, Lin-Yu, Liu, Hao Jan, Zhu, Hao, Chu, Chia-Chi
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Algorithms; Anomalies; Communications networks; cyber-security; distributed droop control; Electric power grids; Frequency control; Intrusion; malicious attack; Microgrid; Microgrids; Nodes; Numerical models; Optimization; partial primal-dual algorithm; Power system stability; Stability analysis; Voltage control
• ISSN: 1949-3053; 1949-3061
• DOI: 10.1109/TSG.2019.2906573

This paper presents a framework for distributed frequency control and intrusion detection in isolated microgrids (MGs). First, a distributed secondary control for isolated MGs, consisting of the local droop control at the primary level and a distributed node-to-node update at the secondary level, is proposed for achieving a proportional power sharing while maintaining the nominal system frequency. By casting it as a consensus optimization problem, we adopt the partial primal- dual algorithm for a totally distributed update requiring only neighboring information exchange. Attack models as well as countermeasures for malicious attacks on the communication network are also investigated. Two types of malicious attacks on the communication network, including link and node attacks, are studied. Model-based anomaly detection and localization strategies are developed by exploring the dual variable-related metrics. Numerical experiments have been performed to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed control and countermeasure metrics.