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Current understanding and applications of the cold sintering process

In traditional ceramic processing techniques, high sintering temperature is necessary to achieve fully dense microstructures. But it can cause various problems including warpage, overfiring, element evaporation, and polymorphic transformation. To overcome these drawbacks, a novel processing techniqu...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Frontiers of chemical science and engineering 2019-12, Vol.13 (4), p.654-664
Main Authors: Yu, Tong, Cheng, Jiang, Li, Lu, Sun, Benshuang, Bao, Xujin, Zhang, Hongtao
Format: Article
Language:English
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Summary:In traditional ceramic processing techniques, high sintering temperature is necessary to achieve fully dense microstructures. But it can cause various problems including warpage, overfiring, element evaporation, and polymorphic transformation. To overcome these drawbacks, a novel processing technique called “cold sintering process (CSP)” has been explored by Randall et al. CSP enables densification of ceramics at ultra-low temperature (⩽300°C) with the assistance of transient aqueous solution and applied pressure. In CSP, the processing conditions including aqueous solution, pressure, temperature, and sintering duration play critical roles in the densification and properties of ceramics, which will be reviewed. The review will also include the applications of CSP in solid-state rechargeable batteries. Finally, the perspectives about CSP is proposed.
ISSN:2095-0179
2095-0187
DOI:10.1007/s11705-019-1832-1