An Environmentally Stable and Lead-Free Chalcogenide Perovskite

Organic-inorganic halide perovskites are intrinsically unstable when exposed to moisture and/or light. Additionally, the presence of lead in many perovskites raises toxicity concerns. Herein is reported a thin film of BaZrS3, a lead-free chalcogenide perovskite. Photoluminescence and X-ray diffracti...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:arXiv.org 2019-12
Main Authors: Gupta, Tushar, Ghoshal, Debjit, Yoshimura, Anthony, Basu, Swastik, Chow, Philippe K, Lakhnot, Aniruddha S, Pandey, Juhi, Warrender, Jeffrey M, Efstathiadis, Harry, Soni, Ajay, Osei-Agyemang, Eric, Balasubramanian, Ganesh, Zhang, Shengbai, Su-Fei, Shi, Toh-Ming, Lu, Meunier, Vincent, Koratkar, Nikhil
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Chalcogenides
Density functional theory
Energy conversion
Ion migration
Lead free
Moisture
Optoelectronics
Perovskites
Photodegradation
Photoluminescence
Thin films
Toxicity
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Summary:Organic-inorganic halide perovskites are intrinsically unstable when exposed to moisture and/or light. Additionally, the presence of lead in many perovskites raises toxicity concerns. Herein is reported a thin film of BaZrS3, a lead-free chalcogenide perovskite. Photoluminescence and X-ray diffraction measurements show that BaZrS3 is far more stable than methylammonium lead iodide (MAPbI3) in moist environments. Moisture- and light-induced degradations in BaZrS3 and MAPbI3 are compared by using simulations and calculations based on density functional theory. The simulations reveal drastically slower degradation in BaZrS3 due to two factors - weak interaction with water, and very low rates of ion migration. BaZrS3 photo-detecting devices with photo-responsivity of ~46.5 mA W-1 are also reported. The devices retain ~60% of their initial photo-response after 4 weeks in ambient conditions. Similar MAPbI3 devices degrade rapidly and show ~95% decrease in photo-responsivity in just 4 days. The findings establish the superior stability of BaZrS3 and strengthen the case for its use in optoelectronics. New possibilities for thermoelectric energy conversion using these materials are also demonstrated.
ISSN:2331-8422
DOI:10.48550/arxiv.1912.07082