Third Order Nonlinear Optical Properties of Piperazine Calcium Chloride (PCC) Crystal to Enhance the Optical Device Applications

• Published in: Journal of electronic materials 2020, Vol.49 (1), p.454-463
• Main Authors: Mullai, R. U., Sivavishnu, D., ArulJothi, R., Vinitha, G., Gopinath, S., Vetrivel, S.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Calcium chloride; Characterization and Evaluation of Materials; Chemistry and Materials Science; Crystal growth; Crystals; Cut off wavelength; Dielectric loss; Differential thermal analysis; Electronics and Microelectronics; Emission spectra; Energy gap; Fourier transforms; Harmonic generations; Instrumentation; Materials Science; Mathematical analysis; Mechanical properties; Nonlinear analysis; Nonlinear optics; Optical and Electronic Materials; Optical properties; Order parameters; Room temperature; Single crystals; Solid State Physics; Spectrum analysis; Synthesis; Unit cell; Work hardening; X ray powder diffraction; X-ray diffraction
• ISSN: 0361-5235; 1543-186X
• DOI: 10.1007/s11664-019-07689-3

Optical quality crystal piperazine calcium chloride (PCC) was synthesized and grown successfully by slow evaporation solution growth technique at room temperature. Well-defined Bragg’s peak in powder x-ray diffraction analysis confirms the crystalline nature of the grown sample PCC. Unit cell parameters values that were calculated using single crystal x-ray diffraction analysis confirms that the crystal belongs to the monoclinic crystal system. The wave number band assignments of the synthesized material are identified by using Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy. Linear optical study shows that the UV cut-off wavelength was found to be 260 nm and also the optical energy band gap was calculated using UV data. Maximum emission spectra of wavelength 441 nm and 477 nm are evident in the emission of blue laser from the Florescence (PL) spectra. The dielectric constant and dielectric loss of the grown PCC crystal were analyzed as a function of different frequencies for different temperatures. As grown PCC crystal was subjected to thermal analysis to find the weight-loss and decomposition point using TG–DTA curve. Work hardening coefficient of as grown PCC crystal was 2.36, which is evidence that the crystal belongs to soft category material and also the mechanical parameters are calculated. Third order nonlinear optical property was analyzed using Z-scan technique, which shows that the crystal PCC obeys the third harmonic generation properties to enhance the optical device applications.