Friction-stir processing of AISI 440C high-carbon martensitic stainless steel for improving hardness and corrosion resistance

Friction-stir processing (FSP) has been attempted to harden the surface of a high-carbon martensitic stainless steel (AISI 440C) and to improve its corrosion resistance. Owing to high input of heat, the penetration depth of the FSPed zone increases in the range from 1.5 to 2 mm when the translationa...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of materials processing technology 2020-03, Vol.277, p.116448, Article 116448
Main Authors: Pan, L., Kwok, C.T., Lo, K.H.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Carbon
Cooling rate
Corrosion resistance
Corrosion resistant steels
Friction resistance
Friction stir processing
Friction-stir surface hardening
Hardness
Martensite
Martensitic stainless steels
Microstructure
Penetration depth
Penetration resistance
Pitting
Pitting (corrosion)
Retained austenite
Sodium chloride
Stainless steel
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Summary:Friction-stir processing (FSP) has been attempted to harden the surface of a high-carbon martensitic stainless steel (AISI 440C) and to improve its corrosion resistance. Owing to high input of heat, the penetration depth of the FSPed zone increases in the range from 1.5 to 2 mm when the translational speed decreases. As the translational speed increases, higher content of retained austenite in the advancing side and center of the processed zone are obtained due to higher cooling rate. The maximum hardness of the FSPed 440C is up to 779 HV1 and higher than that of the conventionally hardened sample austenitized at 1200 ℃ (618 HV1). The pitting corrosion resistance of the sample processed at 300 mm·min−1 in 3.5 wt% sodium chloride solution is the lowest among the FSPed samples. It is mainly attributed to the heterogeneous microstructures at the retreating side (martensite and carbides) and advancing side and center (with martensite and retained austenite) leading to selective attack occurred at the more active region, i.e. the retreating side.
ISSN:0924-0136
1873-4774
DOI:10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2019.116448