Seroprevalence and trend of hepatitides among blood donors in a district hospital in Ghana: a nine-year retrospective, descriptive cross-sectional study

Hepatitis infections are among the greatest threats to human existence and survival and hence poses a serious public health challenge in blood donation. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and trend of hepatitis infections among voluntary blood donors at Nkenkaasu District Hospital. A retro...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of immunoassay & immunochemistry 2020-01, Vol.41 (1), p.71-83
Main Authors: Nkansah, Charles, Serwaa, Dorcas, Osei-Boakye, Felix, Owusu-Ampomah, Richard
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adolescent
Adult
Aged
Blood & organ donations
blood donor
Blood Donors
Blood groups
Blood Safety
Cross-Sectional Studies
Female
Ghana
Hepatitides
Hepatitis
Hepatitis B
Hepatitis B - epidemiology
Hepatitis B surface antigen
hepatitis B virus
Hepatitis C
Hepatitis C - epidemiology
hepatitis C virus
HIV Infections - epidemiology
Hospitals, District
Humans
Infections
Male
Middle Aged
Public health
Retrospective Studies
Seroepidemiologic Studies
Serology
Trends
Viruses
Young Adult
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Summary:Hepatitis infections are among the greatest threats to human existence and survival and hence poses a serious public health challenge in blood donation. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and trend of hepatitis infections among voluntary blood donors at Nkenkaasu District Hospital. A retrospective study of voluntary blood donors' records from January 2010 to December 2018 was conducted. Data on the donors' age, sex and serum HBsAg and Hepatitis C virus results were retrieved from the Laboratory's register and analyzed with SPSS version 16.0. Out of the 3306 total donors, the seroprevalence of hepatitis C infection was 11.7% and hepatitis B infection was 10.3%. Only 1.4% of the donors were co-infected with both pathogens and 82.7% had no infection. Rhesus blood group had a significant association with Hepatitis B (P = 0.005). As at 2010, both hepatitis infections had the same prevalence (73), from 2011 to 2018 both showed inconsistent trends. The relatively high seroprevalence of hepatitis infections identified from the study poses a greater threat to blood safety. Extensive screening of blood donors using standard techniques is highly recommended to ensure that recipients receive safe blood.
ISSN:1532-1819
1532-4230
DOI:10.1080/15321819.2019.1682601