Development, Validation, and Performance of Chitosan‐Based Coatings Using Catechol Coupling

• Published in: Macromolecular bioscience 2020-01, Vol.20 (1), p.e1900253-n/a
• Main Authors: Souza Campelo, Clayton, Chevallier, Pascale, Loy, Caroline, Silveira Vieira, Rodrigo, Mantovani, Diego
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Acids; Aging; Aging (natural); Animals; Atomic beam spectroscopy; Atomic force microscopy; Biocompatibility; Biological properties; Caffeic acid; Carboxylic acids; Catechol; catechol chemistry; Catechols - chemistry; Chitosan; Chitosan - chemistry; Coated Materials, Biocompatible - chemical synthesis; Coated Materials, Biocompatible - chemistry; Coated Materials, Biocompatible - pharmacology; Coatings; Contact angle; Corrosion; Corrosion prevention; Coupling (molecular); Dopamine; Grafting; Homogeneity; Materials Testing; Mice; Natural polymers; NIH 3T3 Cells; Photoelectron spectroscopy; Photoelectrons; Polyethylene glycol; Polyethylene Glycols - chemistry; Polymer coatings; Polymers; Stability analysis; surface modification; Surface Properties; Tannic acid; Toxicity; Ultrasonic testing
• ISSN: 1616-5187; 1616-5195
• DOI: 10.1002/mabi.201900253

The use of long‐lasting polymer coatings on biodevice surfaces has been investigated to improve material–tissue interaction, minimize adverse effects, and enhance their functionality. Natural polymers, especially chitosan, are of particular interest due to their excellent biological properties, such as biocompatibility, non‐toxicity, and antimicrobial properties. One way to produce chitosan coating is by covalent grafting with catechol molecules such as dopamine, caffeic acid, and tannic acid, resulting in an attachment ten times stronger than that of simple physisorption. Caffeic acid presents an advantage over dopamine because it allows direct chitosan grafting, due to its terminal carboxylic acid group, without the need of a linking arm, as employed in the dopamine approach. In this study, the grafting of chitosan using caffeic acid, over surfaces or in solution, is compared with dopamine grafting using poly(ethylene glycol) as a linking arm. The following coating properties are observed; covering and homogeneity are assessed by X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy and atomic force microscopy analyses, hydrophilicity with contact angle measurements, stability with aging tests, anticorrosion behavior, and coating non‐toxicity. Results show that grafting using caffeic acid/chitosan in solution over a metallic surface may be advantageous, compared to traditional dopamine coating. The aim of this study is to evaluate a new catechol approach based on a one‐step grafting process thanks to caffeic acid properties, as an effective alternative to the dopamine grafting (three‐steps) to produce highly adherent and stable chitosan coatings for metallic medical devices. The results exhibit that caffeic‐based coating is a promising platform to enhance stainless steel properties.