The specialization curse: How economic specialization shapes public goods provision

This paper examines the relationship between economic specialization and government expenditures. We hypothesize that citizens and firms in economically specialized regions pressure politicians to invest in core economic sectors in lieu of spending on public goods that benefit the broader economy, s...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Business and politics 2019-09, Vol.21 (3), p.415-444
Main Authors: Barber, Benjamin, Mazaheri, Nimah
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Autocracy
Citizens
Economic concentration
Economic growth
Economic models
Economic sectors
Education
Government spending
Hypotheses
Inequality
Politicians
Politics
Public goods
Regions
Scholars
Specialization
States
Subsidies
Voters
Workers
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Summary:This paper examines the relationship between economic specialization and government expenditures. We hypothesize that citizens and firms in economically specialized regions pressure politicians to invest in core economic sectors in lieu of spending on public goods that benefit the broader economy, such as education. We investigate our hypothesis through an examination of the United States and India. We confirm a negative relationship between economically specialized U.S. states and education spending, and a positive relationship between economically specialized U.S. states and firm subsidies. Next, we examine the effects of an immediate shock in a region's level of economic specialization by comparing Indian states created from federal bifurcation. We show how the creation of two highly specialized states (Bihar and Jharkhand) from a diversified state (Undivided Bihar) was associated with a decline in education spending but an increase in subsidies for core sectors.
ISSN:1469-3569
1469-3569
DOI:10.1017/bap.2018.33