Stevens‐Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis – retrospective review of cases in a high complexity hospital in Brazil

Background Stevens‐Johnson syndrome (SJS) and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) are rare conditions characterized by epidermal necrosis, mostly caused by drugs. Despite the rarity of these conditions, morbidity and mortality are high (even in previously healthy patients), and they may be associated w...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:International journal of dermatology 2020-02, Vol.59 (2), p.191-196
Main Authors: Medeiros, Marcella P., Carvalho, Caroline H. C., Santi, Cláudia G., Avancini, Joao
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Antibiotics
Anticonvulsants
Biopsy
Complications
Hearing
Hearing loss
Morbidity
Mortality
Necrosis
Phenytoin
Skin
Skin diseases
Toxic epidermal necrolysis
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Summary:Background Stevens‐Johnson syndrome (SJS) and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) are rare conditions characterized by epidermal necrosis, mostly caused by drugs. Despite the rarity of these conditions, morbidity and mortality are high (even in previously healthy patients), and they may be associated with permanent sequelae. Methods A retrospective study conducted at a quaternary hospital in Brazil in a period of 10 years. Results The sample was composed by 41 patients with SJS, SJS/TEN, and TEN confirmed by skin biopsy. Antibiotics and anticonvulsants were the most frequently implied drug classes, and phenytoin was the most important individual culprit drug. In this study, 12.2% of the patients had sequelae, being ophthalmological lesions the most common and one case of a newly described hearing loss. The mortality rate was 16.7% in patients with TEN. Conclusions This study describes the largest Latin American case series of SJS and TEN with the diagnosis proven by skin biopsy and adds important data regarding the profile of the disease in Brazil. It also describes a novel sequelae of hearing loss.
ISSN:0011-9059
1365-4632
DOI:10.1111/ijd.14544