Are Onsager's reciprocal relations necessary to apply Thermodynamic Extremal Principles?

Onsager's Reciprocal Relations between thermodynamic forces and fluxes, for which Onsager was awarded the Nobel Prize, automatically follow from Thermodynamic Extremal Principles. Thus, the Principles are up to now non-applicable for the treatment of experimentally determined or theoretically m...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of the mechanics and physics of solids 2020-02, Vol.135, p.103780, Article 103780
Main Authors: Hackl, Klaus, Fischer, Franz Dieter, Zickler, Gerald Andreas, Svoboda, Jiří
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Anisotropic material
constitutive behavior
diffusion
Fluxes
Principles
thermodynamic extremal principle
variational calculus
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Summary:Onsager's Reciprocal Relations between thermodynamic forces and fluxes, for which Onsager was awarded the Nobel Prize, automatically follow from Thermodynamic Extremal Principles. Thus, the Principles are up to now non-applicable for the treatment of experimentally determined or theoretically modeled non-reciprocal systems as e.g. those in the magnetic field. However, we can demonstrate that adding of a certain barrier constraint as bilinear form of thermodynamic forces and fluxes accounted by the Thermodynamic Extremal Principles provides to non-reciprocal relations between the thermodynamic forces and fluxes. Such a novel idea may contribute to a better understanding of physics behind non-reciprocal systems.
ISSN:0022-5096
1873-4782
DOI:10.1016/j.jmps.2019.103780