Impact of Local Clay Mineral on the Toxic Waste

• Published in: Water, air, and soil pollution air, and soil pollution, 2020-02, Vol.231 (2), Article 68
• Main Authors: Kouadio, Olivier, Kouadio, Konan-Kan Hippolyte, Ouffoue, Koffi Sébastien
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Analysis; Aromatic compounds; Aromatic hydrocarbons; Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution; Biodegradation; Bioremediation; Boats; Carbonates; Clay; Clay minerals; Climate Change/Climate Change Impacts; Earth and Environmental Science; Environment; Environmental monitoring; Hazardous wastes; Heavy metals; Hydrogeology; Illite; Illites; Industrial districts; Kaolinite; Metals; Mineralization; Mineralogy; Minerals; Naphtha; Oxidation; Pollution abatement; Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; Smectite; Smectites; Sodium; Sodium carbonate; Soil; Soil contamination; Soil pollution; Soil Science & Conservation; Soils; Sulfur; Sulphur; Thiols; Toxic wastes; Tropical climate; Unloading; Volatile hydrocarbons; Wastes; Water Quality/Water Pollution
• ISSN: 0049-6979; 1573-2932
• DOI: 10.1007/s11270-020-4398-0

This work investigated the impact of a clay mineral on toxic waste. The Ivorian Anti-pollution Center discovered the toxic waste from Probo Koala boat on 21 August 2006. This boat had been used to refine oil named naphtha of cokéfaction by Trafigura firm in the sea. The process of refining consists of caustic sodium carbonate washing and produced toxic waste. These toxic wastes have been unloading in 13 zones of the Abidjan district: Akouédo, Abobo, Abobo Alépé road (Djibi village), civile prison road (MACA), industrial zone of Koumassi, Port-Bouët - Vridi CAP Logistic (Rue Saint-Sylvestre)… This situation caused a socio-political crisis and generated the death of many people. To solve this problem, one first part has been excavated and sent to France to be incinerated. A second part is used to be a biopile for bioremediation. After these two processes, the rest of toxic waste remained in the place where they have been unloaded. The analyses of these toxic wastes show that polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), oxygenated polycyclic aromatic compounds (O-PACs), volatile aromatic compound (VAC), mercaptan and sulfur molecules, and also heavy metal and organometallic are the principal polluters of these contaminated soils. From a mineralogical viewpoint, the tropical climate soils of Ivory Coast in general and district of Abidjan in particular constituted of about 50% of kaolinite, 30 to 40% of smectite, and 10 to 20% of illite (OSTROM 1993 ). In this study, we want to show the impact of this local clay on toxic waste.