Measuring Perceived Transfer of Responsibility Learning from Physical Education: Initial Validation of the Transfer of Responsibility Questionnaire

• Published in: Journal of teaching in physical education 2019-10, Vol.38 (4), p.316-327
• Main Authors: Wright, Paul M, Richards, Andrew R, Jacobs, Jennifer M, Hemphill, Michael A
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Cognitive Processes; Discriminant analysis; Factor Analysis; Factor Structure; Learning Processes; Physical Education; Questionnaires; Student Attitudes; Student Motivation; Transfer of Training; Validity
• ISSN: 0273-5024; 1543-2769
• DOI: 10.1123/jtpe.2018-0246

Purpose: Research indicates that physical education can be an effective setting for promoting positive values, attitudes, and behaviors that transfer to other settings. However, there is a lack of instrumentation to assess the cognitive and motivational aspects of the transfer process. Therefore, this study proposed and validated the Transfer of Responsibility Questionnaire (ToRQ). Methods: After instrument development and pilot testing, an initial version of the ToRQ was completed by 442 adolescents. Data analysis began with exploratory factor analysis followed by confirmatory factor analysis. Results: The exploratory factor analysis yielded a stable three-factor structure that measured the participants' cognitive and motivational processes related to transfer. This factor structure was affirmed using confirmatory factor analysis, which also examined convergent and discriminant validity. Discussion/Conclusion: The model was a good fit for the data, and the ToRQ correlated positively with related scales from an existing life skill transfer survey. These analyses support the initial validation of the ToRQ.