A Sine-Wave Heating Circuit for Automotive Battery Self-Heating at Subzero Temperatures

• Published in: IEEE transactions on industrial informatics 2020-05, Vol.16 (5), p.3355-3365
• Main Authors: Shang, Yunlong, Liu, Kailong, Cui, Naxin, Zhang, Qi, Zhang, Chenghui
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: AC heating; Alternating current; Automobiles; Automotive engineering; Circuits; Cold weather; Converters; Design parameters; Electric vehicles; electric vehicles (EVs); energy storage systems; Heat engines; Heating; Informatics; Lithium; Lithium-ion batteries; Low temperature; Rechargeable batteries; Resistance heating; resonant <named-content xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" content-type="math" xlink:type="simple"> <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX"> LC</tex-math> </inline-formula> </named-content> converters; Sine waves; thermoelectric model; Topology
• ISSN: 1551-3203; 1941-0050
• DOI: 10.1109/TII.2019.2923446

Self-heating is of extreme importance for improving the available capacity and lifetime of lithium-ion batteries in cold climates. However, few attempts have been done to achieve effective onboard self-heating for the batteries in electric vehicles. This paper derives a high-frequency sine-wave (SW) heater based on resonant LC converters to self-heat the automotive batteries at low-temperatures without the need of external heaters. To be specific, an interleaved-parallel topology is introduced to double the heating speed without extra damages to batteries compared to the single heater. Further, a corresponding thermoelectric model is developed to provide guidance for the optimal design of the parameters in the proposed SW heater. Experimental results show that with a high-frequency sinusoidal current motivated by the proposed heater, lithium-ion batteries could be effectively self-heated by the ohmic-loss and electrochemical heat. Moreover, the heating time could be significantly shortened through decreasing the characteristic impedance √(L/C) or increasing the ac-heating frequency.