Coastal areas and climate change: A decision support tool for implementing adaptation measures

• Published in: Land use policy 2020-02, Vol.91, p.104413, Article 104413
• Main Authors: Gargiulo, Carmela, Battarra, Rosaria, Tremiterra, Maria Rosa
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Adaptation; Cities; Climate change; Climate effects; Coastal flooding impacts; Coastal zone; Coasts; Community planning; Decision support systems; Environmental impact; Flooding; Floods; Geographic information systems; GIS-based tool; Implementation; Indexes; Innovations; Land use; Quality of life; Remote sensing; Sea level; Sea level rise; Storm surges; Technological change; Tidal waves; Urban areas; Urban planning
• ISSN: 0264-8377; 1873-5754
• DOI: 10.1016/j.landusepol.2019.104413

•Climate change is one of the main future global challenges for the cities.•One of the main impacts of climate change is the increase in coastal flooding due to rising sea levels and sea storms.•Urban planning plays a key role in urban adaptation, however operative tools for coastal cities are in short supply.•A methodology is proposed to develop a GIS-based tool to define the Coastal Resilience Index (CoRI). Climate change will be one of the main global challenges in the future. In this context cities play a key role. If, on the one hand, cities cause climate change, on the other hand, they are the places where climate change impacts are most evident, as it deeply affects the quality of life of its inhabitants. Climate change impacts are particularly relevant for coastal areas. These are characterized by a higher concentration of buildings and people in comparison to inland areas. In particular, one of the forecasted effects of climate change in these areas is the increase in coastal flooding due to rising sea levels and storm surges. The implementation of strategies and actions for the adaptation of urban areas to the impacts of coastal flooding is essential to ensure the liveability of coastal communities. Urban planning plays a key role in cities’ adaptation. However, even though the interest in this topic has been increasing, operative support and tools for planning urban adaptation in cities are in short supply, especially in coastal cities. In light of this, it has become necessary to focus on the definition of new tools responding to the needs of urban planning. Based on these observations, this paper, starting from the existing literature on coastal vulnerability indices, has developed a new index: the Coastal Resilience Index (CoRI). Thanks to the CoRI and to the use of technological innovations applied to urban planning (in particular, Geographic Information Systems), a decision support tool has been developed to identify adaptation measures aiming to reduce the impacts of coastal flooding, caused by rising sea levels and storm surges.