A model for big spatial rural data infrastructure in Turkey: Sensor-driven and integrative approach

• Published in: Land use policy 2020-02, Vol.91, p.104376, Article 104376
• Main Authors: Iban, Muzaffer Can, Aksu, Oktay
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Accession; Agricultural land; Agricultural management; Agricultural practices; Big Data; Classification; Data collection; Data dictionaries; Datasets; Decision making; Food security; Infrastructure; INSPIRE; International agreements; International standards; Internet; Internet of Things; Land classification; Land use; Land use management; Land use planning; Legislation; LPIS; Mathematical models; Monitoring; Organic farming; Parameters; Rural areas; Rural land use; Scientists; Sensors; Smart sensors; Soils; Spatial data; Spatial data infrastructures; Standardization; Subsidies; Sustainable agriculture; Sustainable development
• ISSN: 0264-8377; 1873-5754
• DOI: 10.1016/j.landusepol.2019.104376

•A conceptual model is designed for Turkish big rural spatial data infrastructure.•Promotes the use of sensors in all sorts of rural land use.•UML class diagrams are used and a supplementary data dictionary is prepared.•Supports the LPIS, ISO 19156 and INSPIRE specifications, but it also gives a local approach.•Expands the sensor variety of TARBIL project and specifies the rural theme for TUCBS. A Spatial Data Infrastructure (SDI) enables the effective spatial data flow between providers and users for their prospective land use analyses. The need for an SDI providing soil and land use inventories is crucial in order to optimize sustainable management of agricultural, meadow and forest lands. In an SDI where datasets are static, it is not possible to make quick decisions about land use. Therefore, SDIs must be enhanced with online data flow and the capabilities to store big volumes of data. This necessity brings the concepts of the Internet of Things (IoT) and Big Data (BD) into the discussion. Turkey needs to establish an SDI to monitor and manage its rural lands. Even though Turkish decision-makers and scientists have constructed a solid national SDI standardization, a conceptual model for rural areas has not been developed yet. In accordance with the international agreements, this model should adopt the INSPIRE Directive and Land Parcel Identification System (LPIS) standards. In order to manage rural lands in Turkey, there are several legislations which characterize the land use planning, land classification and restrictions. Especially, the Soil Protection and Land Use Law (SPLUL) enforces to use a lot and a variety of land use parameters that should be available in a big rural SDI. Moreover, this model should be enhanced with IoT, which enables to use of smart sensors to collect data for monitoring natural occurrences and other parameters that may help to classify lands. This study focuses on a conceptual model of a Turkish big rural SDI design that combines the sensor usage and attribute datasets for all sorts of rural lands. The article initially reviews Turkish rural reforms, current enterprises to a national SDI and sensor-driven agricultural monitoring. The suggested model integrates rural land use types, such as agricultural lands, meadowlands and forest lands. During the design process, available data sets and current legislation for Turkish rural lands are taken into consideration. This schema is associated with food security databases (organic