Eternally oscillating zero energy universe

The question of whether the universe is eternal or if it had a singular moment of creation is deeply intriguing. Although different versions of steady state and oscillatory models of eternal universe have been envisaged, empirical evidence suggests a singular moment of creation at the big bang. Here...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Published in:General relativity and gravitation 2020-02, Vol.52 (2), Article 23
Main Author: Shankar, Karthik H.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Alternative energy sources
Astronomical models
Astronomy
Astrophysics and Cosmology
Big bang cosmology
Big Bang theory
Classical and Quantum Gravitation
Curvature
Dark energy
Dark matter
Differential Geometry
Empirical analysis
Gravity
Mathematical and Computational Physics
Physics
Physics and Astronomy
Qualitative analysis
Quantum Physics
Red shift
Relativity
Relativity Theory
Research Article
Spatial analysis
Steady state models
Supernovae
Theoretical
Universe
Citations: Items that this one cites
Items that cite this one
Online Access:Get full text
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
Description
Summary:The question of whether the universe is eternal or if it had a singular moment of creation is deeply intriguing. Although different versions of steady state and oscillatory models of eternal universe have been envisaged, empirical evidence suggests a singular moment of creation at the big bang. Here we analyze the oscillatory solutions for the universe in a modified theory of gravity Torsion Hides Extra-Dimension (THED) and evaluate them by fitting Type 1a supernovae redshift data. THED exactly mimics General Relativity at the kinematical level, while the modifications in its dynamical equations allow the universe to bounce between a minimum size and a maximum size with a zero average energy within each oscillation. The optimally fit oscillatory solutions correspond to a universe with (i) a small matter density requiring little to no dark matter, (ii) a significantly negative spatial curvature, (iii) a tiny negative dark energy. Alternatively, there exists non-oscillating solutions that appear as an ever-expanding universe from a single bounce preceded by a collapse from the infinite past. These ever-expanding solutions provide marginally better fits to the supernova redshift data, but require larger matter densities and positive dark energy along with a positive spatial curvature. A qualitative analysis of CMB power spectrum in the modified theory suggests a significant negative spatial curvature, which is in stark contrast to a near-zero curvature in the standard big bang theory. An independent constraint on the spatial curvature can further shed light on discriminating the ever expanding and oscillatory universe scenarios.
ISSN:0001-7701
1572-9532
DOI:10.1007/s10714-020-02671-5