Chemical and Biological Compositions Associated with Ambient Respirable Particulate Matter: a Review

Particulate matter (PM) is defined as a mixture of solid and/or liquid particles that remain separately dispersed in air. PM is not a pollutant by itself but a complex and dynamic combination of compound particles with biological and chemical origins. However, fine PM (PM 2.5 ) seems to be incrimina...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Water, air, and soil pollution air, and soil pollution, 2020-03, Vol.231 (3), Article 120
Main Authors: Ramli, Nur Amanina, Md Yusof, Noor Faizah Fitri, Shith, Syabiha, Suroto, Azrin
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Aerosols
Air pollution
Allergic reactions
Allergies
Asthma
Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution
Carbon
Chemical composition
Climate Change/Climate Change Impacts
Coal
Composition effects
Earth and Environmental Science
Emissions
Environment
Environmental monitoring
Health aspects
Hydrogeology
Illnesses
Lungs
Outdoor air quality
Particulate emissions
Particulate matter
Pollutants
Principal components analysis
Respiratory diseases
Respiratory disorders
Respiratory system
Respiratory tract diseases
Reviews
Seasons
Soil Science & Conservation
Suspended particulate matter
Water Quality/Water Pollution
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Summary:Particulate matter (PM) is defined as a mixture of solid and/or liquid particles that remain separately dispersed in air. PM is not a pollutant by itself but a complex and dynamic combination of compound particles with biological and chemical origins. However, fine PM (PM 2.5 ) seems to be incriminated in the respiratory system and poses a severe threat to human health. Several reviews focused on chemistry segments because they mainly contribute to fine PM concentration. Biological elements in PM 2.5 should also be considered because they cause multiple allergies and respiratory illnesses. This review has selected articles by following predefined criteria and demonstrated that the biological and chemical parts of fine particles play a significant role in PM 2.5 concentration. In addition, justification on the origin or sources of biological and chemical compositions and their effects on health become a concern in this review. Lastly, this review can provide knowledge that can be a useful tool for researchers, designers, engineers and policymakers to consider for further action.
ISSN:0049-6979
1573-2932
DOI:10.1007/s11270-020-04490-5